Description: Meaning and related terms.
Factors & Multiples
- What is a Factor ?
- It is a number which divides another number evenly i.e. without any remainder.
- Eg. 2, 4 and 8 are factors of 16 since they divide 16 without leaving any remainder.
What is a Multiple ?
- It is a number that can be exactly divided by another number a certain number of times without a remainder.
- Eg. 21 is a multiple of 3 and 7 since 21÷3 and 21÷7 leaves no remainder.
Prime Numbers
- Prime numbers are numbers that have only 2 factors i.e. 1 and themselves.
- Eg. 17 is a prime numbers since it is exactly divisible by only 1 and 17.
- 2 is the only even prime number.
Composite Numbers
- Composite numbers are numbers which have more than 2 factors.
- Eg. 12 is a composite number since it can be exactly divided by 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12.
- 1,2,3,4,6,12 are factors of 12.
What is HCF ?
- It stands for Highest Common Factor.
- HCF of 2 or more numbers is the largest number which can divide those numbers exactly, i.e. without any remainder.
- Eg. HCF of 12 and 16 is 4 since it is the highest number which can exactly divide 12 and 16.
What is LCM ?
- It stands for Lowest Common Multiple.
- LCM of 2 or more numbers is the smallest number which can be exactly divided by those numbers.
- The LCM of 5 and 10 is 20 since it is the lowest number which can be exactly divide by 5 and 10.
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