Why are gas giants round? - By MITK12Videos
Transcript
| 00:01 | Mhm . I m I . T . I have | |
| 00:05 | a question . We were just learning about the solar | |
| 00:08 | system and I have a question about our gas rights | |
| 00:11 | , How come are gas giants saying this fear instead | |
| 00:15 | of the gas just blowing around everywhere in space ? | |
| 00:18 | Hope you answer my question . Bye . Hello . | |
| 00:23 | My name is anna feeble and I'm a professor here | |
| 00:25 | at M . I . T . I'm actually an | |
| 00:27 | astronomer and I'm going to answer your question about space | |
| 00:31 | . You ask about gas giants , so large planets | |
| 00:35 | that have a gaseous atmosphere and why they are in | |
| 00:37 | a sphere . It's mostly due to gravity . Gravity | |
| 00:41 | acts on matter in in space , on acts on | |
| 00:45 | all objects in space and it acts particularly over large | |
| 00:48 | distances . So in a gas giant like jupiter , | |
| 00:52 | what's happening is that gravity pulls on all matter in | |
| 00:56 | the same way that a person on earth is being | |
| 00:59 | pulled to earth and that's why we're not floating in | |
| 01:02 | space , but we can stand on the ground . | |
| 01:05 | The same is happening in jupiter . All the gas | |
| 01:07 | is just mass , It's little particles spread apart and | |
| 01:11 | the gas rather than clumped together in solid matter , | |
| 01:14 | like a rock for example . So what's happening then | |
| 01:18 | is gravity is pulling the material towards the center of | |
| 01:22 | jupiter and there is some some gas pressure from the | |
| 01:27 | atmosphere for example , or and some heat also that | |
| 01:30 | acts outwards , that wants to push things away when | |
| 01:34 | things get hot , they want to expand . And | |
| 01:37 | uh the reason why everything stays in a sphere is | |
| 01:40 | because gravity is pulling things in and this pressure from | |
| 01:45 | the planet is pushing things out and it keeps everything | |
| 01:48 | in a nice equilibrium . And the result of is | |
| 01:51 | of that is that it is actually sphere because the | |
| 01:55 | force of gravity um acts in the same way in | |
| 02:01 | the same amount in all directions . So if you | |
| 02:04 | sit in the middle of the planet and you have | |
| 02:06 | a whole bunch of strings in your hand that are | |
| 02:08 | attached to all points around you behind you in front | |
| 02:13 | of you on the planet . Those strings all have | |
| 02:17 | to be equal if you imagine you were sitting in | |
| 02:20 | a cube and you know gravity is pulling things in | |
| 02:23 | and uh the the pressure pushing things out then uh | |
| 02:29 | that would actually disrupt the cube because the force is | |
| 02:35 | not equal in all directions . If you if you | |
| 02:39 | you have a shorter string right to the to the | |
| 02:42 | flat part of the cube in front of you and | |
| 02:44 | you would have a longer string , you would need | |
| 02:46 | a longer string to the to the corner of the | |
| 02:48 | cube . So in order to keep things stable and | |
| 02:51 | nice and not floating around in space , you need | |
| 02:54 | to pull in the string going to the corner until | |
| 02:58 | it has the same length to the string that that | |
| 03:01 | was going to to the front of the cube . | |
| 03:04 | And so if you do this for for all the | |
| 03:06 | points around you , you would end up sitting in | |
| 03:09 | in a ball in a sphere again . And so | |
| 03:12 | that that is uh , that's why why everything , | |
| 03:15 | even when it's made from gas , as long as | |
| 03:18 | there's enough mess uh where gravity can act on , | |
| 03:22 | uh , is nice and contained in a big ball | |
| 00:0-1 | . |
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