Weathering and Erosion: Crash Course Kids #10.2 - By Crash Course Kids
Transcript
| 00:09 | this is Earth home to seven billion plus people , | |
| 00:12 | seven continents , and all kinds of amazing plants and | |
| 00:15 | animals . This is what earth has looked like for | |
| 00:17 | a long time and will probably continue to look like | |
| 00:19 | for a long time , Right ? Yes and no | |
| 00:23 | . Sure this is what earth looks like from space | |
| 00:25 | , but even though it looks pretty much the same | |
| 00:27 | from whenever we view it from afar . Once you | |
| 00:29 | zoom in on it , you can see it's always | |
| 00:31 | changing on a small scale . Things like moving water | |
| 00:34 | shaped the Earth's landforms , the natural features of the | |
| 00:37 | Earth's surface . On a bigger scale , the gradual | |
| 00:39 | shifting of the earth's crust is slowly moving . Even | |
| 00:42 | bigger things like the oceans and the continent . So | |
| 00:45 | one day our planet will look different . Maybe a | |
| 00:47 | lot different from how it looks now . So how | |
| 00:50 | exactly does water shape earth's land forms or to bring | |
| 00:53 | it back to the spheres ? We've been talking about | |
| 00:55 | ? How does the hydro sphere affect the geo sphere | |
| 00:59 | ? To understand that we need to discuss weathering . | |
| 01:04 | I'm not talking about the weather , like if it | |
| 01:06 | happens to be sunny or cold or foggy outside your | |
| 01:09 | window right now , I'm talking about weather ring . | |
| 01:11 | The process that takes place as rocks and other parts | |
| 01:14 | of the geo sphere are broken down into smaller pieces | |
| 01:17 | . Weathering can be caused by water , air , | |
| 01:19 | chemicals , plants or even animals , including us . | |
| 01:21 | And there are two types of weathering . You need | |
| 01:23 | to know about mechanical weathering and chemical weathering . Mechanical | |
| 01:27 | weathering is the process of breaking big rocks into little | |
| 01:30 | ones . Frost ice , the roots of plants , | |
| 01:32 | running water or heat from the sun can all cause | |
| 01:35 | mechanical weathering . Chemical weathering involves the changes that some | |
| 01:38 | substances can cause in the surface of the rock that | |
| 01:41 | make a change shape or color . Things like carbon | |
| 01:43 | dioxide , oxygen and acids can all cause chemical weathering | |
| 01:47 | . And when rocks have been weathered and all broken | |
| 01:49 | down and are later moved by natural forces like wind | |
| 01:52 | , water or ice . That's called erosion . Weathering | |
| 01:55 | and erosion sound pretty similar , right ? Well , | |
| 01:58 | yeah , but not exactly think of weathering as the | |
| 02:01 | hammer that breaks down the rocks , erosion is the | |
| 02:03 | process that carries those rock fragments away . Or put | |
| 02:06 | in a way we're all familiar with weathering helps make | |
| 02:09 | a mess and erosion helps clean it up . Let's | |
| 02:11 | take a trip to the beach to see what part | |
| 02:13 | the hydro sphere plays in weathering and erosion . Mhm | |
| 02:17 | mm . This is a picture taken from space of | |
| 02:21 | the coastline of massachusetts in the northeastern United States . | |
| 02:25 | It's part of a land form called Cape Cod , | |
| 02:27 | and the picture shows what the beaches and islands around | |
| 02:29 | it looked like in 1984 . Now , look at | |
| 02:31 | this photo from 2014 , what's different . There are | |
| 02:34 | actually more islands in 2014 than there were before . | |
| 02:38 | Back in 1984 that long strip of land was North | |
| 02:41 | Beach . Now , that strip of land has been | |
| 02:43 | chopped up into separate islands . The top part is | |
| 02:46 | North Beach . The middle area broke off into North | |
| 02:48 | Beach Island and the bottom part is now called South | |
| 02:51 | Beach . So how did that happen ? Well , | |
| 02:54 | moving water is a major cause of erosion and there's | |
| 02:57 | a lot of moving water in the atlantic ocean . | |
| 02:59 | The intense energy of ocean waves crashing on shore causes | |
| 03:03 | pieces of the rocky , sandy coastline to break into | |
| 03:06 | smaller pieces or to weather over time . Then natural | |
| 03:09 | forces like major storms and rising sea levels then move | |
| 03:12 | or erode these smaller pieces day to day . You | |
| 03:15 | might not notice any dramatic changes , but over the | |
| 03:18 | course of 30 years . Well , as these pictures | |
| 03:21 | show , coastlines can change a lot . So what | |
| 03:24 | can we take away from this ? Well , we | |
| 03:30 | saw that water can weather end erode earth's landforms ? | |
| 03:33 | And that's just one example . There are so many | |
| 03:36 | others like floods , weathering valleys or glaciers eroding mountains | |
| 03:40 | . Let me break it down for you this way | |
| 03:42 | . See what I did there ? The hydro sphere | |
| 03:44 | shapes and sometimes moves the geo sphere . One last | |
| 03:48 | joke , Before I sign off , what did the | |
| 03:50 | geo sphere say to the hydro sphere ? You crack | |
| 03:53 | me up . |
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