Chemical Changes: Crash Course Kids #19.2 - By Crash Course Kids
Transcript
| 00:09 | you know , it's a really great way to learn | |
| 00:10 | about science , baking . After all , baking is | |
| 00:13 | pretty much just chemistry and Chemistry is the science of | |
| 00:16 | different kinds of matter and how that matter can change | |
| 00:19 | . Sure . Some of the equipment used in baking | |
| 00:21 | and in chemistry isn't quite the same . But both | |
| 00:24 | baking and chemistry require careful timing and measuring , and | |
| 00:27 | both of them results in the formation of a mixture | |
| 00:29 | . For example , you can change matter like eggs | |
| 00:32 | , milk , flour and sugar into a tasty dessert | |
| 00:34 | . Now you already know that a mixture is anything | |
| 00:36 | made by combining two or more different things . And | |
| 00:39 | some kinds of mixtures like the fruit salad we had | |
| 00:41 | at our picnic can be separated back into the substances | |
| 00:44 | that made them , but that's not true about all | |
| 00:46 | mixtures . Sometimes mixing things together . Makes a whole | |
| 00:49 | new substance . We call this a chemical change . | |
| 00:52 | But what is a chemical change ? Yeah , a | |
| 00:59 | chemical changes . A change that occurs when the particles | |
| 01:01 | that make up two or more substances are rearranged to | |
| 01:03 | form a new substance . Unlike the mixtures from our | |
| 01:06 | picnic , chemical changes usually can't be undone . Let's | |
| 01:09 | observe an example of a chemical change observed . People | |
| 01:12 | were not trying this at home . When we observe | |
| 01:15 | a lit match , we see that the match burns | |
| 01:17 | as it burns , it changes into burned wooden match | |
| 01:19 | . We can't change this ash back into a match | |
| 01:22 | . So burning is an example of a chemical change | |
| 01:24 | that can't be undone . But wait , there's more | |
| 01:27 | chemical changes often make matter change color like the black | |
| 01:30 | and remains of the match . Sometimes chemical changes make | |
| 01:32 | smells or release light or gases and lots of chemical | |
| 01:35 | changes require either the giving off or taking in of | |
| 01:38 | heat . A burning match gives off light smoke and | |
| 01:41 | heat . All of these things are evidence that when | |
| 01:43 | we look at a burning match , we're looking at | |
| 01:45 | a chemical change . Now , we can do a | |
| 01:47 | simple investigation to show how some chemical changes can yield | |
| 01:50 | a seriously yummy results . When we mix the ingredients | |
| 01:58 | of a cake , we're mixing together different kinds of | |
| 02:00 | matter . Say you have flour , sugar , milk | |
| 02:02 | , and eggs when you put them in a bowl | |
| 02:04 | and stir your mixing several different substances together to make | |
| 02:07 | cake batter . And when you pop this mixture into | |
| 02:09 | the oven , after a short time , you have | |
| 02:11 | a new substance cake . Now , before you eat | |
| 02:14 | it , let's check this science cake for evidence of | |
| 02:16 | a chemical change . Did the reaction give off or | |
| 02:19 | take heat ? Definitely the cake batter needed the heat | |
| 02:22 | from the oven to change into cake . If we | |
| 02:24 | left the batter on the counter , it would stay | |
| 02:26 | batter . Is there a color change ? Check the | |
| 02:29 | batter in the pen was yellow and now it's a | |
| 02:31 | nice golden brown . Is there any smell ? Well | |
| 02:33 | , if you've never been in a bakery or some | |
| 02:35 | grandma's kitchen or just never smell the cake baking than | |
| 02:38 | I feel bad for you because it smells amazing where | |
| 02:41 | any gases released . Let's look at our cake before | |
| 02:44 | and after before . We have a wet gooey batter | |
| 02:47 | . After . We have a nice fluffy cake . | |
| 02:49 | As the cake was in the oven , some of | |
| 02:51 | its ingredients released carbon dioxide gas . We can see | |
| 02:54 | evidence of carbon dioxide when we cut the finished product | |
| 02:57 | . All those little holes in the spongy looking cake | |
| 02:59 | are caused by this gas . Our last piece of | |
| 03:02 | evidence that we've witnessed a chemical change . This change | |
| 03:05 | can't be undone . For example , we can't get | |
| 03:07 | the water we put into the batter back out of | |
| 03:09 | this cake , even if we were to squeeze it | |
| 03:11 | really hard , we get crumbs so let's not try | |
| 03:19 | . So a chemical changes . A change that occurs | |
| 03:21 | when the particles that make up two or more substances | |
| 03:23 | are rearranged to form a new substance . Most of | |
| 03:26 | the time , chemical changes can't be undone and we | |
| 03:28 | can tell they're occurring by observing them and noting things | |
| 03:31 | like changes in color release of smeller light and whether | |
| 03:34 | they take in or give off heat all in all | |
| 03:36 | . I'd say that sniffing out chemical changes can be | |
| 03:38 | a piece of cake . Yeah . |
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