Look Who's Talking: Crash Course Kids #27.2 - By Crash Course Kids
Transcript
00:09 | humans absolutely depend on plants . I mean , they | |
00:12 | provide a lot of the oxygen that we breathe . | |
00:14 | They're a huge part of our diet and they sure | |
00:16 | do brighten up a room . I say we should | |
00:18 | thank them . Thank you . Thank you friends . | |
00:22 | It's too bad that plants don't talk because I have | |
00:24 | a lot of questions for them and you just don't | |
00:26 | find too many ants around . But humans do know | |
00:29 | a whole lot about plants . We know what resources | |
00:31 | they need to stay alive and how they make energy | |
00:34 | through photosynthesis and plants didn't tell us these things . | |
00:38 | So how do we study plants ? You already know | |
00:45 | how scientists try and answer questions about the world around | |
00:48 | us . After all , as scientists ourselves , we've | |
00:51 | done activities to answer questions about plants . Like how | |
00:54 | do plants change light energy into chemical energy and do | |
00:57 | plants really need dirt to grow ? Each time we | |
01:00 | ask the question , we followed it with an investigation | |
01:03 | a sort of exercise to try and find an answer | |
01:05 | to that question . Scientists do a lot of investigations | |
01:08 | about plants and usually they follow the same general set | |
01:11 | of steps . You probably already realized that investigations start | |
01:15 | with a question and scientists sometimes have a pretty good | |
01:18 | guess about what the answer to that question might be | |
01:21 | , but I guess isn't good enough . So they | |
01:23 | design an investigation to see if their guests is right | |
01:25 | . Investigations can be complicated experiments or they can be | |
01:29 | based on simple observation . Then scientists look at the | |
01:32 | results of their investigations for evidence and then decide if | |
01:36 | the evidence supports their guests or not . Sometimes they | |
01:39 | don't find an answer to their question at all , | |
01:41 | in which case it's back to the drawing board , | |
01:44 | but sometimes they do . For example , some scientists | |
01:47 | study special carnivorous plants like the funky venus flytrap . | |
01:51 | This plant nashes on insects as part of its diet | |
01:53 | , closing its leaves when it feels an insect walking | |
01:55 | over it . But a few scientists noticed that a | |
01:57 | fly traps leaves will close when an insect walked over | |
02:00 | them , but not when rain falls on them . | |
02:03 | What's up with that ? So the scientists basically said | |
02:06 | investigation challenge accepted . It began with that basic question | |
02:10 | . How does the venus flytrap feel insects on its | |
02:13 | leaves ? Each scientists designed their own investigation and looked | |
02:16 | at the results for evidence and like all good mature | |
02:19 | humans scientists share . So they shared the results with | |
02:22 | each other and working together , learned an answer to | |
02:24 | their questions . They discovered that their hairs inside each | |
02:27 | venus flytrap leaf and these hairs have to be jiggled | |
02:30 | a few times in a row so that the lethal | |
02:32 | close a score me insect will cause the leaf to | |
02:34 | close a drop of rain . Not so much . | |
02:36 | Ding question answered . Now , I wonder if we | |
02:39 | could do our own investigation about a plant . Since | |
02:42 | we know that plants need sunlight for photosynthesis , you | |
02:45 | may have noticed that plants growing on a windowsill bend | |
02:47 | toward the light , which is cool , But how | |
02:49 | do they do it ? A scientist named Charles Darwin | |
02:52 | asked this exact question and did an investigation of his | |
02:55 | own in an attempt to answer it . It went | |
02:57 | down a little , something like this . Darwin gets | |
03:03 | that there was something in the tip of a plant | |
03:05 | stem that helped its sense where the light was coming | |
03:07 | from . So he designed an experiment to see if | |
03:09 | he was right . He grew plants all the same | |
03:11 | type and gave them all the same amount of light | |
03:14 | and water . He left one plant alone . He | |
03:16 | cut the tip from another . He covered the tip | |
03:18 | of one plant with a little glass cap . He | |
03:20 | covered the tip of another with a dark cap and | |
03:22 | he covered the middle part of another plant with a | |
03:25 | dark piece of material . He observed that as the | |
03:27 | plants grew , the ones that had no tip in | |
03:29 | the one that had the dark cap didn't grow towards | |
03:31 | the light . So he concluded that the evidence showed | |
03:34 | he was right about the plant stem tips sensing the | |
03:37 | light , investigations for the wind . Because of studies | |
03:44 | like this , it may seem like we know a | |
03:45 | lot about plants . But believe me , people , | |
03:47 | there are even more things we don't know about them | |
03:50 | . For one thing , scientists know that plants can | |
03:52 | communicate with one another , but don't know all the | |
03:54 | ways how . And scientists are always trying to figure | |
03:56 | out how to stop disease implants , especially in the | |
03:58 | ones we eat . So scientists do activities called investigations | |
04:02 | that try and answer questions . Many of the investigations | |
04:05 | they've done helped us to learn a lot about plants | |
04:07 | , including how they can sense the world around them | |
04:09 | and who knows what other investigations might discover some day | |
04:12 | . So get out there scientists and start investigating , | |
04:15 | but not on your family's house plants . They probably | |
04:18 | want those to stay the way they are . |
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