Famous Landmarks for Kids - Free Educational videos for Students in K-12

Famous Landmarks for Kids - By CrashCourse

Transcript


00:0-1	wherever I go , I like to look for things
00:02	called landmarks , which is what this video is all
00:05	about . And you might be wondering what is a
00:08	landmark ? What are landmarks ? Well , landmarks are
00:11	things that help you identify where you are . For
00:14	example , if you see this landmark called the Eiffel
00:18	Tower , you know you are in paris France or
00:21	if you see Big Ben , you know you are
00:24	in London England in this video , we are going
00:27	to be learning about famous landmarks . Let's start out
00:31	with a natural landmark that is incredibly powerful . Niagara
00:36	Falls . So what exactly is Niagara Falls ? Well
00:42	, it is a group of three waterfalls on the
00:45	border of the United States and Canada . Here ,
00:49	we'll show you on the map . Niagara Falls is
00:51	right here on the map , on the border of
00:54	Canada and the United States . One of the falls
00:58	is mostly in Canada . The other two are in
01:01	the United States . The biggest waterfall of the three
01:07	is called horseshoe falls or Canadian Falls , depending on
01:10	who you ask . It is called horseshoe falls because
01:13	of its shape . It looks like a horseshoe .
01:16	Many people also call it Canadian falls because most of
01:20	it is in Canada . Now , horseshoe falls is
01:23	huge . Okay , It is 2590 ft wide ,
01:28	with a drop of 187 ft . Horseshoe falls isn't
01:33	just big , it is powerful . In fact ,
01:36	horseshoe falls is the most powerful waterfall in all of
01:40	North America . You can see the power of horseshoe
01:46	falls by seeing just how much missed is generated by
01:50	the falls so much missed . Mhm . The other
01:57	two waterfalls are american falls and bridal veil falls .
02:02	Both of them are on the United States side .
02:05	They are much smaller than horseshoe falls . American falls
02:08	is the largest of the two and is called american
02:11	falls because it is on the american side of the
02:14	border , bridal veil falls is the smallest of all
02:18	and is called bridal veil falls because it looks like
02:22	the veil that a bride wears at a wedding .
02:27	Now , here is a super easy fact to remember
02:31	the waterfalls are on the Niagara River . Okay ,
02:34	Niagara Falls , Niagara River . Alright , real easy
02:38	. Really simple . Okay , share that fact with
02:41	your friends . Okay now catch this . If you
02:45	ever visit , you can ride on a boat on
02:47	the Niagara River and see the falls up close .
02:51	Everyone has to wear a poncho because you'll get wet
02:54	. The amount of mist that comes from the falls
02:57	is amazing . Speaking of visiting , did you know
03:04	over 30 million people visit Niagara falls every year .
03:09	It is one of the most inspiring natural wonders in
03:12	the world Now , through the years , not everyone
03:18	has come just to visit . Okay , for example
03:21	, 11 people have walked a tightrope across Niagara falls
03:26	. Tightrope walking is when someone walks across a very
03:29	thin rope , it requires amazing balance and focus .
03:33	A man named Charles Blondin is pictured here walking a
03:37	tightrope across Niagara falls while carrying his manager on his
03:44	back . Can you imagine being that guy , thankfully
03:47	Charles Blondin and his manager made it across safely .
03:51	Charles Blondin walked across Niagara falls on a tightrope many
03:56	times . Yeah , One lady named Annie Edson .
04:01	Taylor also did something dangerous with the falls in 1901
04:06	. You can see her picture here . She got
04:08	in a barrel and rode down the falls . That's
04:12	right . She was the first person to do that
04:15	and she survived although she did get hurt if you
04:21	visit the falls , just look at the falls .
04:25	Okay ? They are beautiful . Just look at them
04:28	and if you think they look beautiful during the day
04:30	, they are lit at night . Those are LED
04:33	lights and they look almost magical . Wow . Niagara
04:37	Falls . Okay . Yeah . This guy isn't allowed
04:41	to visit Niagara Falls . It's for your safety .
04:44	Okay . You just shouldn't go . You'd be tempted
04:47	unless if you promise just to look at them like
04:50	everyone else . All right , okay . We have
04:53	one more fact about Niagara Falls to share with you
04:57	something we referenced at the beginning of the video ,
05:00	Niagara Falls generates a lot of electricity . The type
05:07	of power generated by Niagara Falls is called hydro electricity
05:13	. That's a fancy name . Hydro electricity . The
05:16	fast movement of the water allows the generators at the
05:20	plants to make electricity . Hydro electricity is electricity that
05:26	is powered by water . Niagara Falls a beautiful place
05:32	, an incredible natural wonder and also a source of
05:35	energy and electricity to the surrounding areas . Mhm .
05:40	The next landmark we are learning about is Big Ben
05:46	. We are talking about one of the most famous
05:49	clock towers in the world . It's called Big Ben
05:53	. Big Ben might sound more like a nickname for
05:56	the kid next door that Fido is scared of .
05:58	Okay . But it's this clock tower . It is
06:03	part of a very special building in London called the
06:06	Palace of Westminster . It is located in the north
06:11	end of the palace . So this huge clock tower
06:16	at the Palace of Westminster in London . Why is
06:20	it called Big Ben ? That's a good question to
06:23	be honest . We don't know . No seriously we
06:27	don't , no one does . There are rumors and
06:29	stories but we don't know for sure . Even stranger
06:34	. The real name for the tower is Elizabeth Tower
06:37	. A name it was given in 2012 in honor
06:41	of the queen queen Elizabeth the second before that ,
06:47	it was simply called the Clock tower by many .
06:50	Which is a very honest name , isn't it ?
06:53	That is exactly what Big Ben is . It's a
06:56	clock tower . Now , while we may not know
06:59	why it is called Ben , we do know why
07:02	it is called Big . It is 315 ft tall
07:08	. That's huge . Of course The clock itself is
07:12	massive . To the hour hand is nine ft long
07:15	and the minute hand is 14 ft hug , wow
07:21	, that's a big clock . Yeah . Not only
07:25	is the clock huge . It is lit at night
07:28	. It's like a huge night light for the people
07:31	of London . People from all over London can see
07:34	what time it is by looking at Big Ben in
07:38	the evening . Well , here's a question . So
07:41	, okay , How long has Big Ben Ben around
07:45	. Okay , when did they build this clock tower
07:47	? When did they build this thing ? Well ,
07:49	here's a hint . It is . Super old .
07:52	Super old . No offense Big Ben , But you
07:56	are a very old clock tower . So when was
08:00	it felt ? Well , Big Ben was completed in
08:02	18 59 . It has been a famous part of
08:06	London for a very , very long time . Now
08:10	. Through the years , as you might imagine ,
08:12	Big Ben has been a reliable and accurate way of
08:16	keeping track of time . Not just because Big Ben
08:19	displays the time . There are also five bells in
08:23	Big Ben that chime Four of the bells chime every
08:29	15 minutes . The main bell called the Great Bell
08:33	chimes every hour . It's the really , really big
08:37	one . Okay , it's pretty loud because you know
08:40	, everyone in London has to hear it right .
08:44	Originally the nickname Big Ben belonged to the Great Bell
08:48	. That's right . But over time it came to
08:50	mean the whole clock and tower , not just the
08:54	Great Bell . What we've had so much fun talking
08:57	about Big Ben . Big Ben is a symbol of
09:00	the United Kingdom . When people think of the United
09:03	Kingdom or think of the city of London . Big
09:06	Ben is what pops into their minds when movies and
09:10	television shows film in London . They usually want to
09:14	film near Big Ben or at least have Big Ben
09:17	featured in the background because it is such an iconic
09:21	part of the city . Since it is such a
09:25	special landmark , it has been important to keep the
09:28	tower safe and in good working order repairs and renovations
09:32	have happened which keep Big Ben looking its best .
09:35	These eyes are cleaning the clock okay careful . Don't
09:39	fall and with exception to sometimes of crazy weather or
09:42	times of repair , the clock has just kept going
09:46	and going and going as it will for future generations
09:51	. What a beautiful landmark . If you ever visit
09:55	London , you will see Big Ben or Elizabeth tower
09:58	. You will hear the chimes . You'll tell the
10:00	person next to you that Big Ben is 315 ft
10:04	tall . You can tell them that Big bed has
10:07	five bells , four of them smaller and one great
10:11	bell . You can tell them . You know that
10:13	that building it's attached to , that's the Palace of
10:16	Westminster . Okay . You might take a picture ,
10:21	eat a sandwich , walk around , wear a hat
10:25	. Okay . All right , we're done cool .
10:28	Now we are going to learn about a landmark in
10:31	Washington D . C . Called the Lincoln Memorial .
10:36	The Lincoln memorial is an american monument in Washington ,
10:40	D . C . The capital of the United States
10:44	. Yeah . Mhm . As you could probably tell
10:48	from the name , the Lincoln Memorial Honours Abraham Lincoln
10:53	, the 16th president of the United States . Mhm
10:58	. Abraham Lincoln is most famous for being the president
11:02	of the United States during the Civil war and abolishing
11:06	slavery . He was one of the most influential presidents
11:10	in american history . Yeah , we mentioned earlier that
11:17	the Lincoln memorial is in Washington D . C .
11:20	The capital of the United States . Mhm . Mhm
11:25	. The Lincoln Memorial is in a section of Washington
11:28	D . C . Called the National Mall . Can
11:31	you say the National Mall ? Uh The national Mall
11:36	. The national mall is a big park in downtown
11:39	Washington D . C . With many important historical monuments
11:46	. Mm Right down here you can see the Lincoln
11:50	Memorial High Lincoln memorial . How you doing Then ,
11:56	right in front of the Lincoln Memorial is a big
12:00	pool . That's right , a big pool , a
12:03	pool called the reflecting pool . It is a large
12:07	rectangular pool that was built shortly after the Lincoln Memorial
12:11	was dedicated in 1922 . There are beautiful walking paths
12:20	around the reflecting pool . It is an amazing sight
12:24	to see the reflections of the monuments in the water
12:28	. It's not for swimming , you know , it
12:30	looks so beautiful . Then across from the Lincoln memorial
12:34	, on the other side of the reflecting pool is
12:37	the Washington monument . A monument honoring George Washington ,
12:42	one of the founding fathers of the United States of
12:45	America and the first president of the United States .
12:49	There are other monuments as well in the National Mall
12:52	that pay tribute in honor to significant people and events
12:56	in american history . So if anyone says I'm going
13:02	to the national mall , they aren't talking about going
13:05	shopping . All right . They're talking about visiting the
13:07	large park in downtown Washington D . C . And
13:11	the monuments there . Hey , do you remember what
13:17	year the Lincoln memorial was dedicated ? We mentioned it
13:21	briefly when we were talking about the national mall .
13:24	Do you remember ? Uh huh . Okay , 1922
13:32	. The Lincoln Memorial was dedicated in 1922 . On
13:40	May 30 , the Lincoln Memorial was dedicated . Here
13:45	is a picture of President Warren G harding on that
13:49	day . It was such a special day . Plus
13:52	Abraham Lincoln's son , Robert Todd Lincoln was able to
13:56	attend the dedication . He was the last surviving son
14:00	of Abraham Lincoln And was 78 years old when the
14:03	Lincoln Memorial was dedicated . Everyone was so impressed with
14:10	it . It's designed like a classic greek temple and
14:14	it's made of marble from colorado . You might have
14:21	noticed . The Lincoln Memorial has a lot of columns
14:24	. The Lincoln Memorial has 36 columns representing the 36
14:30	states that were in the United States during his presidency
14:35	. Mm The most memorable part of the Lincoln Memorial
14:39	for most people is the statue of Abraham Lincoln .
14:43	Inside the statue is 19 ft tall and is made
14:47	of marble that came from the state of Georgia .
14:50	It took four years to finish the statue . That's
14:54	a long time . Four years . Mm Now here's
15:00	something cool . Okay , the Lincoln memorial is open
15:03	24 hours a day . Okay . That means you
15:07	can even visit the Lincoln memorial . Uh No ,
15:10	I I mean look how cool is this ? This
15:12	is the statue of Abraham Lincoln at night . It
15:15	looks awesome at night because it is well it allowing
15:18	people to stop by and reflect on the legacy of
15:22	Abraham Lincoln regardless of what time it is . That's
15:26	so cool . Yeah . Here is another amazing fact
15:32	. On August 28th , 1963 Dr . Martin Luther
15:36	King jr gave his famous I have a dream speech
15:40	from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial . Yeah ,
15:44	that's where he delivered that speech that famous . I
15:48	have a dream speech . It was delivered on the
15:51	steps of the Lincoln memorial . Mm Here's the fact
15:59	that's a little sad . You know the U .
16:00	S . Penny used to feature the Lincoln memorial on
16:03	the back . You could even see a little abraham
16:05	Lincoln inside of the Lincoln memorial . Super cool .
16:08	Right . But in 2000 and eight they changed it
16:11	to the Union shield in the Union shield is cool
16:14	. But you know the Lincoln memorial used to be
16:16	there , you know , we like the Lincoln memorial
16:19	. Right , comment below do you think the Lincoln
16:22	memorial should have stayed on the penny ? Let us
16:24	know we still have the $5 bill , right ?
16:26	The $5 bill still has the Lincoln memorial but you
16:30	know it used to be on the penny too ,
16:32	you know and then they changed it . Mm Here
16:37	is our final fact about the Lincoln memorial . The
16:40	Lincoln memorial is a popular monument to visit . In
16:44	fact , it is estimated that over six million people
16:48	visit the Lincoln memorial every year . Over six million
16:52	people . Not only is the Lincoln memorial , a
16:56	tribute to Abraham Lincoln , but it has also become
16:59	a symbol of Washington D . C . Itself .
17:05	Next we are going to learn about the great wall
17:09	of china . The great wall of china is the
17:14	longest wall in the world . How cool . How
17:18	fun . How interesting is that ? There's not a
17:20	single wall that's longer than the great wall . The
17:23	great wall is the longest wall in the world and
17:28	it's the biggest ancient structure ever built . You might
17:32	be wondering how big , how long is this thing
17:35	? Okay , The Great Wall of China is over
17:40	13,000 miles long , wow . Think of it .
17:46	A wall that's 13,000 miles long . Now as the
17:54	name implies because it's called the Great wall of china
17:58	. The great wall of china is in china .
18:01	And this is the flag , the chinese flag .
18:04	And you see it's a red flag and it's got
18:07	five gold stars , one big gold star and four
18:11	smaller gold stars . This is the flag of the
18:15	country of china . Mhm . Now if you remember
18:22	china is in the continent of Asia . Right about
18:26	here . Okay . Right about here . If you
18:29	remember your continent , China is in the continent of
18:33	Asia . Ok , now you might be wondering where
18:38	in china is this great wall ? Hey where is
18:42	it ? Well we're about to share that with you
18:44	, millions and millions of people visit each and every
18:48	year because it's such a special place and you're about
18:51	to find out where . So that if you ever
18:53	in china you can say hey I know where to
18:56	go to go to the wall . I want to
18:58	see the great wall of china . Yeah the great
19:03	wall of china is in the northern part of china
19:06	. On this map it looks like the entire wall
19:10	is continuous . The whole thing is connected but it's
19:13	not there are places where there are very high mountains
19:16	or rivers that form a natural barrier and so the
19:20	wall doesn't go over those places but from a distance
19:23	it looks like the wall is one great big wall
19:28	. Now this is insane . The great wall of
19:33	china is over 2300 years old . Now that doesn't
19:39	mean every part of the wall is that old .
19:41	But that's when they started building the great wall of
19:45	china and connecting some of the regional walls that were
19:49	already there . Mhm . Alright before we continue ,
19:54	we want to ask you this question . This question
19:58	to see if you remember . Yeah . How many
20:03	miles long is the great wall of china ? Do
20:08	you remember ? We mentioned it earlier in the video
20:12	. How many miles long is the great wall of
20:16	china ? Thank you . Yeah . Over 13,000 miles
20:24	. Oh my goodness . Over 13,000 miles , wow
20:31	. 13,000 . All right , let's get back .
20:37	Here we go . The Great Wall of China as
20:39	we said , is over 2300 years old . To
20:47	be honest , the history of the Great wall of
20:50	china goes back even further than that from the eighth
20:57	to the fifth centuries . Bc china went through the
21:01	warring States period . Whoa . It was called the
21:07	warring states period because china was not one country but
21:12	instead was made up of multiple states that were fighting
21:16	all the time . They would fight , they would
21:18	fight , they would fight , they didn't work together
21:23	during this time leaders built small defensive walls in the
21:27	north , in the northern part of china which remember
21:31	is where the great wall of china is today .
21:36	But then this man came along . His name was
21:42	Chin Xi wang and he was the first emperor of
21:46	china . He brought china together . He unified china
21:52	. Can you say that with me ? Chin xi
21:55	wang . Oh come on you can you can do
21:59	better than that right Jin xi wang . Yeah it's
22:04	pretty good Jin Shi Hwang United China and began connecting
22:12	many of the northern walls to protect China against northern
22:16	invaders and that was 2300 years ago , 2300 years
22:23	ago . The start of the great wall of china
22:29	. Now this map shows the great wall of china
22:33	today . Back then it was not that long and
22:36	also it was made mostly of wood and stone and
22:39	when you visit today you'll see the great wall of
22:42	china is mostly made of brick . Mm mhm .
22:47	Now most of the wall you see today was built
22:51	during the Ming dynasty . The Great Wall of China
22:56	has been built by millions of people over these 2300
23:02	years . Wow ! Oh my goodness . Yeah the
23:08	great wall of china still fascinates and amazes people every
23:13	single year that want to visit And just say wow
23:16	how did they build something this magnificent , this huge
23:20	with such rich history . It's so cool . And
23:24	if you ever visit someday you could say listen I
23:28	know a little bit about this place . All right
23:31	now we are going to learn about the Eiffel Tower
23:38	. The Eiffel Tower is one of the most famous
23:41	structures in the entire world , the entire world .
23:49	It is made out of iron and is 1,050ft tall
23:55	. That's absolutely massive and it's made out of iron
24:00	. This is huge . Here's a picture of the
24:04	base of the Eiffel Tower and look how tiny the
24:07	people look . They look like little baby ants .
24:10	And this is just the base of this incredibly huge
24:16	iron tower . Look how tiny they look . They
24:19	look like little baby ants . This is such a
24:22	huge structure . All right , so where is the
24:29	Eiffel Tower ? Yeah , the Eiffel Tower is right
24:33	here in the country of France which is in the
24:37	continent of europe . Here is the french flag ,
24:44	the flag of the country of France . You can
24:47	see that the flag has three vertical stripes , a
24:50	blue stripe , a white stripe and a red stripe
24:55	. Now you might be wondering where in France is
24:58	the Eiffel Tower ? Well , the Eiffel Tower is
25:03	in paris the capital of France . Here is the
25:08	city of paris at night . Do you see the
25:12	Eiffel Tower ? Yeah , Yeah , there it is
25:18	, right there . It's kind of hard to miss
25:20	. It's so huge . The Eiffel Tower remember is
25:23	1,050ft tall and it looks like it's lit up .
25:28	That's because it is it , It's incredible . There
25:33	are over 20,000 light bulbs on the Eiffel Tower .
25:38	Over 20,000 light bulbs so people can see the Eiffel
25:42	Tower at night . All right . So what's the
25:47	history behind the Eiffel Tower ? Why did they build
25:51	it ? And why does it look the way it
25:52	does ? Why do they call it ? The Eiffel
25:54	Tower ? What's what's the story here ? The Eiffel
25:58	Tower was built to be the entrance for the 1889
26:03	World's Fair . Here is a poster they put up
26:08	in France , telling people about how the Eiffel Tower
26:12	was going to be featured in the 1889 worlds fared
26:16	. So many people were excited because the entire world
26:20	was looking at Paris that day , because it was
26:22	the world's fair was a huge deal . The Eiffel
26:27	Tower was named after Gustave Eiffel . Well , his
26:34	company designed and built the Eiffel Tower , so they
26:38	thought , well let's name it after you , Eiffel
26:41	Tower , you know Eiffel Tower . So Eiffel was
26:44	an actual man , Gustave Eiffel and he's the one
26:48	that designed and built the Eiffel Tower , him and
26:52	his company . So they started building it in 1887
26:58	, they needed a lot of iron , a lot
27:00	of metal and they just kinda heaped in the beginning
27:03	and they started building the foundation . This is a
27:06	picture of what it looked like right at the start
27:08	. These guys have a lot of work . Oh
27:11	my goodness , that must have been so overwhelming .
27:17	And then they finish the base , How cool is
27:21	that ? They're doing such a great job , that
27:23	must smell so good to finish the base . And
27:26	then they just kept working and working and working .
27:30	Then they started building the middle section of the Eiffel
27:33	Tower , careful , we don't want to follow is
27:36	starting to get really high up . Really , really
27:39	, really high up . Now here is a picture
27:44	of the last stage of building the Eiffel Tower when
27:47	they were building the very , very top of the
27:50	tower , which is called the cupola . And then
27:55	after a lot of hard work in 1889 , the
27:59	Eiffel Tower was completed in time for the world's fair
28:05	. Yeah . Are you ready for Eiffel Tower ?
28:09	Fact , I know this video has been full of
28:12	facts , but we're going to share one . That's
28:14	really , really , really , really interesting . Did
28:18	you know every seven years the Eiffel Tower has to
28:21	be repainted ? Yeah , literally . They have to
28:26	paint the Eiffel Tower every seven years . And here's
28:30	a real picture of a guy in the 1950s painting
28:35	the Eiffel Tower by hand . Can you believe it
28:38	? Look how high up this guy is . He
28:40	doesn't even look scared . He's just like a lot
28:42	of that . And I'm really high up and I'm
28:44	painting , I'm painting the Eiffel Tower , This is
28:48	what I do , This is what I do .
28:51	And he seems to be pretty happy apparent . It's
28:53	amazing . Has to be painted every seven years now
28:59	. What color do you think they paint the Eiffel
29:02	Tower ? Here's a picture of the Eiffel Tower .
29:04	What color do you think they paint it ? It's
29:10	a good question . The Eiffel Tower is actually painted
29:15	brown and there are three shades of brown they use
29:18	with the darkest shade of brown on the bottom and
29:21	the lightest on the top , The Eiffel tower is
29:24	painted brown . Mhm . So there you have it
29:30	, the Eiffel Tower and amazing brown iron structure that
29:34	was built for the 18 89 World's Fair and is
29:38	one of the most famous symbols of France . Bring
29:41	in millions of visitors every year . Who want to
29:44	see this incredible structure for this next landmark . We're
29:51	going to get help from our other narrator who will
29:54	be telling us about Mount Rushmore . This is Mount
29:58	Rushmore . It is located in South Dakota in the
30:02	Black Hills National Forest . Do you know where South
30:07	Dakota is ? South Dakota is here in the midwestern
30:12	United States and this is where Mount Rushmore is .
30:17	Mount Rushmore is a monument . A monument is something
30:23	that is made to give honor to a person or
30:26	an event . This monument gives honor to four United
30:33	States Presidents , George Washington , Thomas , Jefferson ,
30:40	Theodore , Roosevelt and Abraham Lincoln . Before the monument
30:49	was made , the mountain was already named after a
30:53	man named Charles Rushmore Charles Rushmore was a lawyer from
30:58	New York . He visited the Black Hills in the
31:02	1880s , Over 400 people worked to Carve Mountain Rushmore
31:10	out of stone . That's a lot of people carving
31:16	is changing some things appearance by cutting it . The
31:20	workers used explosives like dynamite for a lot of the
31:24	carving . They used smaller tools for the details on
31:33	the President's faces and to smooth it out . A
31:37	south Dakota state historian thought of the idea for the
31:41	monument as a way to bring more visitors to the
31:45	state . The historian originally wanted the faces of different
31:51	people on Mount Rushmore , but the artist he hired
31:55	said more people would come to see the president's Mount
31:59	Rushmore started being made in the 1920s . Work on
32:05	it began in 1927 and it was finished in 1941
32:11	, Which was 14 years later . That's a long
32:15	time . The artist wanted the monument to show more
32:20	of the president's upper bodies . But the United States
32:27	was getting ready for war in 1941 . So the
32:31	money for finishing Mount Rushmore stopped coming . Some native
32:36	American groups don't like the monument because the land used
32:41	to belong to them . The United States government treated
32:48	them poorly and took the land away from them .
32:52	So they are upset that Mount Rushmore was built on
32:56	that land . So a native American chief from the
33:00	Soup tribe planned his own monument near there . That
33:04	would honor a native American named crazy horse . So
33:10	we learned today that Mount Rushmore was carved out of
33:13	stone work on Mount Rushmore began in the 1920s .
33:21	It has the faces of four United States presidents .
33:27	Do you remember the president's names ? What is his
33:35	name ? Great job , That's George Washington . How
33:44	about him ? That's right . That's thomas jefferson .
33:52	What is his name ? Yes , that's Theodore Roosevelt
34:02	. Can you name this president ? Yes , you
34:10	got it . That's Abraham Lincoln . Great job you
34:15	did so well , guessing those presidents names and learning
34:19	all about Mount Rushmore today . That's wonderful . Next
34:24	we are going to learn about Hoover Dam . If
34:30	you've ever been to the Hoover Dam , you've seen
34:32	this sign . This is the sign . When you're
34:34	really close to the hoover dam , it lets you
34:36	know , you know , it's Hoover Dam Time ,
34:39	it's really exciting , you know , and you want
34:41	to dance in front of the side and it's cool
34:43	, and it's fun . What an amazing place !
34:47	And we're going to talk about it , but real
34:49	quick , if you've ever been to the Hoover Dam
34:51	, we want to hear what you thought about it
34:53	. So , write in the comments section , if
34:56	you've been to the Hoover Dam and we're going to
34:58	jump right in . But this is the sign .
35:00	This is the sign that you see when you get
35:02	to the Hoover Dam , and you might think it's
35:04	not impressive . It is . It's a great sign
35:06	. It's an amazing sign . Great sign for the
35:09	Hoover Dam . Mhm . Well , G will occur
35:12	. This is quite a structure , you're looking at
35:15	it right now , on that picture , it's amazing
35:18	. It's made of 3.25 million tons of concrete .
35:24	It weighs more than 6.5 million tons . The hoover
35:30	dam is an amazing structure . Now , where is
35:34	the hoover dam ? The hoover dam is near the
35:36	west coast of the United States of America . It's
35:40	actually on the border between the states of Nevada and
35:44	Arizona , you can see right where it is ,
35:48	where that red dot is , right there , That's
35:51	where the hoover damage . Okay , it crosses the
35:55	Colorado River , which you could see right here .
36:00	And of course , here's the hoover dam , this
36:01	big concrete structure . I wonder if the river gets
36:06	angry about this , Right ? Wouldn't you think the
36:09	river would get upset ? Right ? Just flowing along
36:12	and all of a sudden boom ? You know ,
36:13	there's there's concrete , the concrete wall , you know
36:16	, the river does flow through , but it's a
36:19	big , it's a big hassle , right ? I
36:22	mean , you know , it's it's blocking the way
36:24	, you know , it's a big deal . You
36:25	don't you don't think you don't think the river is
36:27	upset ? Okay . The river doesn't have feelings .
36:31	Okay , Okay . I just just throwing it out
36:36	there . Okay . No need to nit pick Okay
36:42	. They started building the Hoover Dam in 1931 and
36:47	they finished building it in 1936 , which is a
36:51	little confusing because on the Hoover Dam it says 1931
36:55	and 1935 , but it was in 1935 , the
36:59	year before It was finished , that they dedicated it
37:03	. Okay , so they dedicated it before it was
37:05	actually finished , but it was in 1936 That they
37:09	finished construction and by the end of it , 21,000
37:14	total people helped build it huge achievement . You might
37:20	not realize this , but there was a big controversy
37:23	back then about what we should name it , what
37:26	should we name it ? While some people wanted to
37:29	name it , Boulder Dam and in the early days
37:32	a lot of people did , it was originally thought
37:35	that it was going to be called the Hoover Dam
37:37	after President Herbert Hoover . You see President Herbert Hoover
37:43	was not popular . In fact , when he ran
37:45	for re election in 1932 , he lost . And
37:49	so a lot of people didn't like him and a
37:51	lot of people didn't want to name the damn after
37:54	him . It might seem silly and funny to us
37:59	today , but back then it was a big deal
38:01	and there was a big fight over it . In
38:03	fact , map makers didn't even know what to put
38:06	, they didn't know whether to put Boulder Dam or
38:08	Hoover Dam and there's so much disagreement . Eventually ,
38:12	thankfully everyone just decided , hey , let's call it
38:16	the Hoover Dam . There are other things that we
38:19	can argue about and fight about , let's just call
38:23	it the Hoover Dam . We mentioned earlier that the
38:27	Hoover dam has two main purposes . I mean it's
38:31	not just there to look pretty . If it was
38:33	, they would have put the home school pop logo
38:36	on the damn right , if they wanted it to
38:39	look pretty , that's what they would have done .
38:41	Okay . That's a joke . The two purposes of
38:51	the Hoover dam are to control the Colorado River and
38:55	also to generate electricity . Remember this ? It's easy
39:02	to see how the Hoover dam helps control the Colorado
39:05	River to make sure the levels are always where they
39:08	need to be . Yeah , yeah . But it
39:12	also generates a ton of electricity for people to use
39:17	. It uses things called turbines , which are spun
39:21	by the water and generates electricity . It generates enough
39:25	power for 1.3 million people . The Hoover Dam is
39:31	a massive powerhouse , which is amazing and that energy
39:35	is really good for the environment . The Hoover Dam
39:40	, made from 3.25 million tons of concrete . It's
39:45	amazing . It took five years to build . It
39:48	weighs more than 6.5 million tonnes . It looks cool
39:53	. It controls the Colorado River and it gives enough
39:58	power for 1.3 million people . What an amazing structure
40:03	! The Hoover Dam is all right next we are
40:08	going to learn about the Golden Gate Bridge . The
40:14	Golden Gate Bridge is a massive suspension bridge that is
40:18	almost a mile long . It's an impressive bridge .
40:25	In 1994 , the Golden Gate Bridge was declared one
40:28	of the seven wonders of the modern world and today
40:33	it is still one of the most famous structures in
40:36	the world . The Golden Gate Bridge is on the
40:41	west coast of the United States of America in the
40:44	state of California . And here's an arrow that shows
40:49	where the Golden Gate bridge is in California . It's
40:55	right at the edge of California by the pacific ocean
40:59	. A straight called Golden gate separates san Francisco from
41:05	marin County . A strait is a narrow waterway .
41:08	The Golden Gate strait is only about a mile wide
41:14	. Mhm . The Golden Gate Bridge was built to
41:18	connect san Francisco to marin County because the Golden Gate
41:21	strait was causing a lot of issues with traveling .
41:25	Mhm . Well , construction began in 1933 . Some
41:30	people worried it would cost too much . Other people
41:33	worried it wouldn't be safe . Safety was important .
41:41	Really important . They made sure all the workers were
41:44	safe , workers had to wear hard hats and there
41:46	were safety nets in case someone fell and that did
41:50	happen . It saved the lives of 19 people because
41:54	they knew safety was important . Just like today ,
41:58	safety is important , 1937 , it was completed ,
42:06	it only took four years to build and by the
42:08	time it was completed it was the longest bridge and
42:12	the tallest bridge , making it the biggest bridge in
42:15	the world . Mhm . Yeah , SAn Francisco is
42:21	a very busy city . A Golden gate bridge was
42:24	built so people could more easily get in and out
42:28	of the city . And this is so fascinating .
42:31	Over 100,000 cars cross every day . Over 100,000 cars
42:39	drive on the Golden Gate Bridge every single day .
42:46	Mhm . Now , here's an interesting question we have
42:50	for you about this bridge . What color is the
42:54	Golden Gate Bridge ? It's an interesting question . Did
42:59	you know this is something a lot of adults don't
43:02	know . A lot of grownups don't know what color
43:04	it really is . There's a specific color . Do
43:08	you know what it is ? The Golden Gate Bridge
43:14	is International Orange . That's the color of the Golden
43:18	Gate bridge . And it's interesting . There are so
43:20	many people that don't know that . So just for
43:22	a second , why don't we stop ? And I
43:25	think just for a second we're just going to put
43:27	it in our memory bank . And if anyone ever
43:30	asks you what color the golden Gate bridge is ,
43:34	you'll say international orange , can you say that ?
43:39	International orange ? So what color is the bridge ?
43:44	International Orange ? Wow . I think I think you
43:48	got it . I think you got great . The
43:51	last landmark we are learning about in this video is
43:55	the statue of Liberty . The statue of Liberty is
44:01	a massive statue in new york city . It is
44:08	on Liberty Island in what is called new york harbor
44:12	. Now they called it Liberty Island after the statue
44:15	of Liberty got there because the statue of Liberty is
44:18	the coolest thing about Liberty Island . It's actually a
44:21	very , very small island in New york harbor .
44:27	Okay , so you might look at pictures and wonder
44:29	, oh my goodness , How big is it ?
44:32	How big is this thing ? Well , the statue
44:35	itself is over 151 ft tall . This is a
44:40	massive statue , huge . Now you may not know
44:48	this the word Liberty means freedom . The statue of
44:52	Liberty is a statue that celebrates the freedoms we all
44:57	share . Now there are symbols of freedom all throughout
45:03	this statue . The torch itself that she carries represents
45:08	freedom and in the statue she is stepping over broken
45:13	change . The statue of Liberty is a statue of
45:17	freedom . Hey , did you know the statue of
45:24	Liberty was a gift from France . How cool is
45:28	that ? The country of France gave us the statue
45:32	of Liberty . Pretty huge gift . A really generous
45:35	gift . It costs them a lot of money to
45:36	make mm As you might have guessed the statue was
45:41	built in France and august Bartholdi sculpted the statue .
45:47	This student was like an amazing sculptor . Right .
45:51	Didn't he do a good job and they did it
45:53	out in the open because they wanted the people of
45:55	France to get excited about paying for the statute because
45:58	it costs a lot of money to make , it's
46:00	made out of copper and it's a whole lot of
46:03	cover . And so they built this thing in France
46:09	. It was completed in 1886 which was actually 10
46:15	years after when they wanted to finish it . They
46:17	wanted to finish it by 1876 . The 100 year
46:22	anniversary of when the United States became a country .
46:28	I mean , wow , even though it took longer
46:30	to complete than they thought , what an incredible accomplishment
46:34	. Just look at this statue made in the 1800s
46:38	. Such an amazing gift from France , Wow .
46:43	Who is this guy ? Hey , get out of
46:49	here . What do you , what do you think
46:50	this is ? I got to just show up here
46:54	. Oh my goodness . Oh boy , Okay ,
47:01	I'm sorry . That wasn't nice . How about this
47:04	? We've got , you know , it's a statue
47:07	of Liberty video . Why don't you , why don't
47:09	you help us out the last , the last little
47:11	bit ? Okay , okay , good . Well the
47:16	last thing we want to share with you is why
47:18	the statue is green . Why is the statue of
47:21	Liberty Green ? Well , remember the statue of Liberty
47:26	is made of copper When copper is exposed to air
47:30	and water , it can have a protective green coating
47:34	called copper oxide . It's almost like it's a coat
47:37	a jacket to protect the copper called copper oxide .
47:44	Here's what the statue of Liberty's face used to look
47:47	like and that was the color of the entire statue
47:50	and then it looked like this . The statue of
47:54	liberty is now covered in copper oxide . It took
47:58	30 years for the statue of liberty to turn completely
48:02	green . If you want to try something fun ,
48:06	you can take a penny . A penny is also
48:09	made out of copper and you can do the same
48:11	thing to the penny that happened to the statue of
48:15	Liberty . You can leave it outside and over time
48:19	that penny as it's exposed to the air into the
48:22	water from the rain , it will be covered in
48:26	copper oxide over time that green protective coding and you
48:32	can see that happened for yourself . You can check
48:35	back with that Penny over time and you'll be like
48:38	, oh my goodness , you're turning green just like
48:41	the statue of liberty . Abraham Lincoln can turn green
48:45	too . Mhm wow . The statue of Liberty ,
48:51	a symbol of freedom in new york harbor in new
48:54	york city , a gift from France , a reminder
48:58	of the freedoms we all share For many people who
49:02	came to the United States of America in search of
49:05	a better life . The statue of Liberty was the
49:08	first thing that they would see a statue of freedom
49:11	for you and me . Special thanks to our patrons
49:16	who make these videos possible if you would like to
49:19	help us and also get some cool homeschool pop tattoos
49:22	, click the link below the video or visit home
49:25	school pop dot com to learn more . As always
49:28	, you are so awesome . Thanks for learning with
49:31	us .

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