Pediatric nursing dosage calculations - Free Educational videos for Students in K-12

Pediatric nursing dosage calculations - By tecmath

Transcript


00:0-1	Good day . Welcome to the Tech Math channel .
00:02	What we're gonna be having a look at in this
00:03	video is some more nursing calculations . Ah Specifically ,
00:06	we're going to be looking at pediatric calculations . These
00:08	are calculations for medications involving Children . We're not going
00:13	to be in this video looking at pediatric calculations involving
00:17	just based upon weight or maybe stock strength and stock
00:20	required or drip rights . Because I've looked at these
00:23	in previous videos and they're much the same as a
00:25	few little tweaks . But we address those in those
00:27	videos . What we are going to have to look
00:29	at in this video is medications for pediatrics based upon
00:33	this thing called body surface area . Okay . Body
00:37	surface area is like it sounds it's the surface area
00:40	of the kid's body . Obviously , the bigger the
00:42	kid , it has a bigger surface area on the
00:44	outside , smaller kid has a smaller surface area and
00:47	you can get medications based upon this . This is
00:49	a meter squared measurement . And the way we can
00:54	work this out is through this following formula . You
00:57	can also use the graph to work this out .
00:59	But you can use this formula way . What you
01:00	do is you get the heart of the child which
01:04	is in a centimetres and you multiply this by the
01:10	way to the child which is in kilograms . Okay
01:15	, then what we do is we get this number
01:17	, we divided by 3600 . Okay , We get
01:22	our answer from this and we square root it .
01:27	Okay . And this will give us the body surface
01:30	area . Now with our body surface area , we
01:32	can do a few things . This now can lead
01:34	to a few things . We might be able to
01:35	work out a medication based purely upon body surface area
01:38	. For example , the medication might be something say
01:41	like this many milligrams per meter squared and this is
01:46	a fairly simple thing to deal with because we can
01:48	just multiply this out or what we might have is
01:51	we might have the type of medication based upon an
01:54	adult dose . Okay . I might say an adult
01:57	dose . Is this big work at the medication for
02:01	, you know , based on the kid's body service
02:03	here and the way we do this , is this
02:05	the child we get the child does okay . The
02:08	child does is equal to the body surface area of
02:13	the kids . They work at the body surface area
02:17	. And what you do Is you divide this by
02:20	this magical number of 1.73 . I don't know how
02:23	magical is . I'm sort of guessing this 1.73 might
02:26	be the boundary what they're seeing between kids and adults
02:29	. I'm not sure with that , but that would
02:31	make sense to me with this . And what you
02:33	do is you multiply this by the adult dose ,
02:37	Okay . By the adult dose . Okay . So
02:41	we're gonna be using these formulas in varying amounts .
02:44	I'm gonna give you a bunch of questions in a
02:46	minute somewhere . We have to work this out somewhere
02:48	. This will already be given the B . S
02:50	. A . Will already be given where you might
02:52	have to work it out based on the adult dose
02:54	or say something like this . So anyway , really
02:57	important that you remember . These are these formulas .
03:00	Okay , so we have this one here to work
03:03	at the body surface area and I think the other
03:06	major one is this one here . Okay . All
03:10	right , let's have a look at a few examples
03:11	of this . So say we have this sort of
03:14	question . A child has a height of 93 cm
03:17	and a weight of 14.6 kg . And as prescribed
03:21	120 mg per meter squared of medication . What dose
03:25	should the child be given ? So what are we
03:28	going to do first to work this out ? You
03:29	might be thinking , well , the first thing we're
03:32	gonna do is we're going to use this height and
03:33	weight to work out this child's body service area .
03:37	Okay . This will be given a meter square and
03:39	then we'll be able to work those meters squared to
03:41	work on how much medication the kid needs . Okay
03:44	, so the body surface area of the kids is
03:48	as follows . This is in again In meter squared
03:52	is as follows . We get the height of the
03:54	child , which is 93 , this is in cm
03:58	. We multiply this by the way , which is
04:01	in kg . Okay , we're gonna put this over
04:07	3600 . And then what we're going to do is
04:14	win a square root that whole lot . So what
04:16	does this equal ? Well , 93 times 14.6 he's
04:21	1000 358 . We're then going to get that number
04:27	divided by 3600 and square root . You come doing
04:33	this in little steps at the moment . Okay ,
04:36	so we work out with 1,358 , divided by 30
04:41	603,600 is what this equals is zero With 377 .
04:47	So this is going to be the number we're going
04:49	to square root . And if we square root that
04:52	number , what we get is this answer 0.61 leaders
04:58	squared . You can check a letter in calculators .
05:00	Obviously , I've already jotted these down . Yeah ,
05:03	so I don't have to mess around with plugging in
05:06	numbers into a calculator or anything like that . Okay
05:08	, so check these out on a calculator as you
05:10	go along . You might also want to actually practice
05:12	them and and and see how you go with these
05:14	. So what we do with this , this particular
05:17	number here , this body surface area , which we
05:19	have here is we're going to see that we have
05:23	100 and 20 mg per meter squared . So the
05:27	medication , what the dosage is equal to , Or
05:36	it's this 120 mg , milligrams times 0.61 . Okay
05:47	, because for every meter squared , we're going to
05:49	get 100 and 20 mg . We haven't actually got
05:51	quite a meter square , we've got actually 200.6 kilometer
05:54	, almost 6/10 of a meter . So , it's
05:55	gonna be a number uh , less than this .
05:59	So , what answer do we get for this ?
06:02	We get the answer of 73 0.7 mg . Okay
06:11	, hope you went well on that . Now .
06:13	I'll give you another example is gonna be for examples
06:15	altogether um spare that a little bit . Okay ,
06:23	a child has a body surface area of 0.36 m
06:26	squared and has ordered a medication for which the average
06:29	adult dose is 60 mg . What dosage should the
06:32	child get Now ? What you're going to realize for
06:35	this is we've already been given the body surface area
06:38	, so we're gonna actually have to use this average
06:40	adult dose . We're gonna be using that second .
06:43	This if you remember this formula here because we've got
06:47	the child dose we're gonna be working out , we've
06:49	got the body service area , we're trying to and
06:51	we've also got the adult dose . We're gonna be
06:52	trying to work out the child dose based on that
06:55	. So we're gonna use this formula here . So
07:01	this child does child dice is going to be equal
07:06	to The body surface area which is 0.36 m squared
07:15	over This number of 1.73 Times the adult dose .
07:20	The average adult dose which is 60 mg . So
07:25	what does this equal ? 0.36 divided by 1.73 .
07:33	The answer to that is 0.21 . Okay , we're
07:37	gonna times you spy 60 mg . So we got
07:41	about 1/5 . This is almost 1/5 of our 60
07:45	mg , which is 12.49 milligrams . It's the child
07:53	dosage . How'd you go with that ? Okay let's
07:57	have a look at another one of these . So
08:00	we got this third problem , a child has a
08:02	height of 104 cm in a weight of 15.8 kg
08:06	. He has prescribed a medication to be based on
08:09	an adult dose of 30 mg . What dosage should
08:14	the child get ? So the way we're going to
08:17	work this out is as follows . We first we're
08:18	going to work out the kid's body surface area .
08:21	Then we're going to have to so I'm going to
08:23	use this and this to work at the kid's body
08:25	surface area . Then what we're going to have to
08:27	do is we're going to have to use that medication
08:30	, that adult arm dose formula . This one here
08:36	to get the child dosage . I can't remember that
08:38	one we just used in . So first off ,
08:40	let's work out the body surface area . Now the
08:42	body surface area Is equal to the height times the
08:46	weight , divided by 33,600 square root . That so
08:50	the height 104 Times of weight , which is 15.8
08:59	. We're going to put that over 3600 . We're
09:03	gonna gonna square root that entire amount . So what
09:07	we get with this is Uh if we work all
09:12	that out 104 times 15.8 The answer that is 1643
09:20	0.2 . This is going to go over 3600 .
09:25	Were they going to square root ? That whole number
09:28	? Okay . So if we do all this ,
09:32	what we get is we get the answer of zero
09:37	0.46 Okay . 1343.2 divided by 3600 0.46 . With
09:47	a square root that we're gonna get a body surface
09:49	area . Once we square root that of 0.68 leaders
09:55	squared . Okay so the first thing we've done is
09:58	now we've got this body surface area . Okay ?
10:01	Now we're going to use this body surface area to
10:04	work here . The child dose based upon the adult
10:07	dose . Okay . The formula for that , if
10:09	you remember what we do is the child does was
10:17	equal to This body surface area , this 0.68 leaders
10:23	squared . We put this Over 1.73 . And then
10:31	what we do is we multiply this By the adult
10:34	as the adult eyes is 30 mg . So what
10:41	do we get when we get this As we get
10:44	, it follows 0.68 divided by 1.73 . Yeah this
10:50	is zero 0.39 We're gonna times just by 30 mg
10:57	. Then we get an answer of 11.79 milligrams .
11:05	Okay so again it really really important that you get
11:09	this formula worked out here and this formula worked out
11:13	here . Okay now let's have a look at one
11:15	last question with these . So so what's happened there
11:26	? What's the required dose for a child with a
11:29	body surface area of 0.64 m squared . If the
11:33	child is prescribed 40 mg per meter of medication .
11:37	So let's work this out um the required dose .
11:40	So we've already been given the child's body surface area
11:44	. So this is a nice easy calculations . This
11:46	is probably one of the easy calculations . Okay ,
11:49	so we get zero 0.64 meters squared And this child
11:59	is getting 40 mg for every meter . They don't
12:02	have a media , they have 0.64 minutes . We're
12:05	gonna multiply these . Okay , 40 mg . When
12:10	we do this , we get the answer at 25.6
12:15	mg . Okay , how did you go with those
12:19	? Now there is a stack of these types of
12:21	calculations . Again , just look up pediatric calculations in
12:24	google and you'll find lots and lots of examples of
12:26	these . Uh but hopefully that's it's been a bit
12:29	of a help . I want to make one more
12:31	video for nursing calculations . And this is just going
12:34	to be looking at where we're gonna be looking and
12:37	uh where medications are given multiple times over a day
12:41	and how to deal with these . They're not that
12:42	hard . They're quite simple to use . Okay ,
12:45	so anyway , I hope to see you then .
12:47	Thanks for watching See you next time .

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