Science, Engineering and Design! Video 4: Prototyping - By MITK12Videos
Transcript
| 00:17 | Yeah . Every day we interact with many products that | |
| 00:29 | were designed by engineers . But how did all these | |
| 00:32 | things go from a first idea to a final product | |
| 00:35 | ? Well , a lot of the stuff in between | |
| 00:37 | is prototyping . Prototyping is a process by which we | |
| 00:41 | use material in time very efficiently in order to answer | |
| 00:45 | key questions about the things that we're trying to design | |
| 00:49 | . How can we make this mouse so that it's | |
| 00:51 | comfortable to hold ? How can we make this bike | |
| 00:55 | so it doesn't break when you ride it . These | |
| 00:58 | are the kind of questions you can answer with prototyping | |
| 01:01 | . Let's say you wanted to build a ball launcher | |
| 01:04 | like something a volleyball player could use to practice without | |
| 01:08 | any teammates . What would you build ? And what | |
| 01:10 | questions could it answer ? I want to know where | |
| 01:14 | to put the important parts in my design . And | |
| 01:16 | if it will be safe and if it will launch | |
| 01:19 | a ball high enough to answer some of these questions | |
| 01:22 | , Let's make our first prototype . All right , | |
| 01:25 | let's make our first prototype out of cardboard . Now | |
| 01:27 | , cardboard is great because it's inexpensive , you can | |
| 01:30 | find it around the house , it's easily workable and | |
| 01:35 | it's still pretty stiff , which makes it great for | |
| 01:38 | prototyping . Now , the first thing that we're gonna | |
| 01:40 | do is bend the cardboard , and for that , | |
| 01:43 | we're gonna use a straight edge . Use the straight | |
| 01:46 | edge to make a dent in the cardboard . But | |
| 01:48 | if it's too hard to make a dent , it | |
| 01:50 | helps to have a rubber mallet handy . Mhm . | |
| 01:56 | So , just to whack , you've got a nice | |
| 01:58 | clean bend . The next thing that we're gonna go | |
| 02:02 | over is cutting cardboard with a utility knife . Now | |
| 02:06 | , you have to be careful . These knives are | |
| 02:08 | incredibly sharp and that makes them one of the most | |
| 02:10 | dangerous tools in the shop . If you're not comfortable | |
| 02:13 | using one , then ask someone to give you a | |
| 02:16 | hand . Yeah , one tip is to keep the | |
| 02:21 | blade retracted until you're going to use it . That | |
| 02:25 | way , nobody accidentally picks it up with the blade | |
| 02:27 | out and gets hurt . Mm . Now , one | |
| 02:31 | safe way to make a cut is to pretend that | |
| 02:34 | your fingers have already been cut off . That way | |
| 02:37 | . They're not gonna stick out and get in the | |
| 02:39 | way of the cut . Then you just take your | |
| 02:42 | blade , you place it up against the straight edge | |
| 02:45 | and with a low cutting angle like this , not | |
| 02:47 | like this , you make a few gentle passes . | |
| 02:52 | Yeah , Now you want to use gentle passes . | |
| 02:56 | So that way , if you slip , you don't | |
| 02:58 | do any major damage , Go ahead and put the | |
| 03:01 | blade away . We've got a nice clean cut . | |
| 03:05 | The last thing that we're gonna do is we're gonna | |
| 03:07 | join pieces of cardboard together . And one tool that's | |
| 03:11 | great for doing that is a hot glue gun . | |
| 03:15 | Hot glue dries pretty quickly , and that makes it | |
| 03:17 | pretty nice for putting prototypes together . It's also great | |
| 03:22 | for joining cardboard , so it's really gonna stick it | |
| 03:25 | together well , so you kind of just want to | |
| 03:27 | get one solid bead down . Yeah . Mhm . | |
| 03:33 | Press the sheets of cardboard together and wait for about | |
| 03:37 | 10 , 15 seconds , and then you've got a | |
| 03:45 | nice strong joint . So now let's take these techniques | |
| 03:50 | and put them together to make a prototype . Yeah | |
| 04:09 | , Alright , so here's a model that I made | |
| 04:12 | to test that a viable launching concept , using just | |
| 04:16 | the techniques that we just went over for working with | |
| 04:18 | cardboard . You'll see it's just one big cardboard sheet | |
| 04:22 | with a few folds . Uh and I used a | |
| 04:25 | special technique down here to make a curve . I | |
| 04:28 | actually made a lot of cuts underneath the cardboard that | |
| 04:31 | didn't go all the way through . And that kind | |
| 04:32 | of let me bend the cardboard into this ranch . | |
| 04:35 | And then I've got this hammer here that's attached with | |
| 04:38 | another uh cardboard piece and that's going to act as | |
| 04:41 | a swinging wait , that's going to hit the volleyball | |
| 04:48 | and launch it up into the air . Mhm . | |
| 04:50 | So there are some other materials that you can use | |
| 04:52 | to make prototypes as well . One example is foam | |
| 04:55 | core , which is lightweight and still reasonably stiff and | |
| 04:59 | works in a lot of the ways that cardboard does | |
| 05:01 | phone cores , two sheets of paper with foam in | |
| 05:03 | the middle , and it's usually used as a backing | |
| 05:06 | for posters , but there's a lot of ways that | |
| 05:08 | you can use it to make prototypes . Another example | |
| 05:11 | is blue foam , which is usually considered sketching in | |
| 05:14 | three D . Because blue foam is really easy to | |
| 05:17 | work with and sands really well . Another option , | |
| 05:21 | if you're looking for something a little bit stiffer is | |
| 05:23 | would what is still pretty lightweight and it's pretty durable | |
| 05:27 | and it sounds really well , which makes it nice | |
| 05:29 | for making prototypes . I decided to make a prototype | |
| 05:33 | for a ball launcher out of wood in order to | |
| 05:36 | explore one concept a little further . So let's take | |
| 05:39 | a look at that . So , here's our more | |
| 05:41 | refined prototype . This prototype is put together with wood | |
| 05:45 | and aluminum , so it's a little bit more sturdy | |
| 05:47 | . It's going to be able to tell us a | |
| 05:49 | little bit more about our idea . Mhm . This | |
| 05:52 | thing was put together with power tools , things like | |
| 05:55 | saws and drills . Now , those techniques aren't featured | |
| 05:58 | in this video because you should really be safety trained | |
| 06:00 | before you try to operate those tools and a workshop | |
| 06:03 | space like this , that's dedicated to making prototypes . | |
| 06:06 | You can also see a lot of other really cool | |
| 06:08 | tools that help you make prototypes really quickly . We | |
| 06:12 | have a laser cutter which uses a powerful beam of | |
| 06:14 | light to cut sheets of materials like wood and plastic | |
| 06:18 | and really precise shapes . We also have a 3D | |
| 06:23 | printer that builds material up layer by layer to create | |
| 06:27 | really complicated geometries now that you know more about making | |
| 06:31 | prototypes , I hope you're excited to get out there | |
| 06:34 | and start buildings and stuff . Mhm . Yeah , | |
| 06:52 | mm hmm . Yeah . |
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