Land and Water: Crash Course Kids #16.1 - By Crash Course Kids
Transcript
| 00:09 | you know who we haven't hung out with in a | |
| 00:11 | while , This guy , What's up , son ? | |
| 00:13 | You remember that the sun provides the Earth with energy | |
| 00:15 | or warmth and you know that the Earth's surface is | |
| 00:18 | made up of different types of land and water . | |
| 00:20 | Now , it would probably make sense that these different | |
| 00:22 | landforms and bodies of water would absorb or soak up | |
| 00:25 | the sun's heat at different rates . Right ? Well | |
| 00:27 | you're right . It does . But which one absorbs | |
| 00:29 | more of the sun's energy ? Land or water ? | |
| 00:32 | And more importantly , why ? Let's start with a | |
| 00:39 | refresher course on the sun . We know the sun | |
| 00:41 | as the star at the center of our eight planet | |
| 00:43 | solar system that provides us with heat . We also | |
| 00:46 | know that heat is a kind of energy that warms | |
| 00:48 | things . This energy starts in the sun's core . | |
| 00:50 | It travels very slowly to the sun's surface before it | |
| 00:53 | takes a super speedy trip to earth in the form | |
| 00:55 | of light and heat you and I can see and | |
| 00:57 | feel that energy as sunlight , but how much of | |
| 01:00 | all of that energy that the sun cooks up actually | |
| 01:02 | makes it to us and the land and the water | |
| 01:04 | on Earth ? I know it will help us figure | |
| 01:06 | this out . A delicious pie graph , essentially 100% | |
| 01:09 | of the energy that warms the earth comes from the | |
| 01:11 | sun . About 20% of that energy is absorbed by | |
| 01:14 | the Earth's atmosphere and clouds . Nearly 30% never makes | |
| 01:17 | it to the Earth's surface and instead is bounced back | |
| 01:20 | out to space by clouds and different gases and particles | |
| 01:23 | in the atmosphere . But about half of the sun's | |
| 01:25 | incoming energy , just over 50% is absorbed by the | |
| 01:28 | Earth's surface . That is its land and water . | |
| 01:31 | Well , when that 50% of sunlight gets to earth | |
| 01:34 | , the land and water absorbed or soak up its | |
| 01:36 | warmth . But like I mentioned before , they absorb | |
| 01:38 | this heat at different rates . So which one absorbs | |
| 01:41 | more of this heat ? It's time to play land | |
| 01:44 | versus water . Okay , let's think of a place | |
| 01:46 | somewhere on earth where land meets water , Is anyone | |
| 01:49 | else thinking beach . Let's take a look at how | |
| 01:51 | the sun's energy is absorbed by both the land and | |
| 01:53 | the water on our little beach . Mm mm . | |
| 01:58 | The land is all of the sand you see right | |
| 02:01 | up to where the shoreline starts and the water is | |
| 02:03 | the shoreline and all of the ocean behind it . | |
| 02:05 | So what happens when the sun's energy hits the land | |
| 02:08 | ? Well , the sunlight is absorbed by the sand | |
| 02:10 | , making the sand warm or even hot to the | |
| 02:12 | touch . The longer the sand is exposed to the | |
| 02:14 | sun , the more heat it absorbs . Now , | |
| 02:16 | let's take a close look at the land . It's | |
| 02:18 | darker in color than the water and generally darker colored | |
| 02:21 | objects absorb more heat than light coloured objects . So | |
| 02:24 | when the same sunlight that warms the sand hits the | |
| 02:27 | water next to it on our little beach , the | |
| 02:29 | water doesn't soak up quite as much of that energy | |
| 02:31 | as the landed . Instead . The water reflects more | |
| 02:33 | of its reflection is the opposite of absorption . Instead | |
| 02:36 | of being absorbed by the water , some of the | |
| 02:38 | sun's energy is bounced or reflected off of the water | |
| 02:40 | in a different direction and lighter colored things tend to | |
| 02:43 | reflect more heat than darker colored things . This is | |
| 02:45 | why the water that's been under the same sun as | |
| 02:47 | the sand all day , doesn't feel quite as hot | |
| 02:49 | as the sand . So when you get hot after | |
| 02:51 | playing around on the sand all afternoon and I really | |
| 02:54 | hope you've been wearing sunscreen . You can wait off | |
| 02:56 | in the water to cool off . That's what the | |
| 02:58 | beach is all about , right ? So it looks | |
| 03:04 | like team land winds . By which I mean , | |
| 03:06 | it absorbs more of the sun's energy and the land | |
| 03:08 | absorbs more energy because darker colored objects absorb more heat | |
| 03:11 | than light coloured objects and light colored things like the | |
| 03:14 | water reflect more of the sun's energy . Hey , | |
| 03:17 | for the sun go , oh , right outside . | |
| 03:20 | Sounds like a plan to me . |
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