Vacation or Conservation (Of Mass): Crash Course Kids #23.1 - By Crash Course Kids
Transcript
| 00:0-1 | even the most dedicated scientist needs a break , right | |
| 00:01 | ? And in my world , break time means settling | |
| 00:03 | down with a nice cool drink . Well I let | |
| 00:16 | the glass full of water here a while ago and | |
| 00:17 | look at it now . It's only half full . | |
| 00:19 | Half full . I'm an optimist . But what happened | |
| 00:24 | to the rest of the matter ? The water that | |
| 00:25 | is that was in this glass ? It looks like | |
| 00:27 | it went away . But can that happen ? Does | |
| 00:30 | matter ever ? Just go away . You already know | |
| 00:37 | a lot about matter . Like how it can change | |
| 00:38 | between different states like solids , liquids and gases . | |
| 00:42 | You also know that matter can be part of mixtures | |
| 00:44 | called solutions and in solutions . The particles that make | |
| 00:47 | up matter become equally distributed in a container , like | |
| 00:50 | the sugar and water molecules in our picnic , sweet | |
| 00:52 | tea . And even though we didn't know it then | |
| 00:54 | that sugar went through what's called a physical change . | |
| 00:57 | A physical change is a change in the shape or | |
| 00:59 | form of matter . Physical changes do not form a | |
| 01:02 | new substance and they can usually be undone . Like | |
| 01:05 | how we were able to separate the sugar from the | |
| 01:06 | T . When we heated the T . So that | |
| 01:08 | the water evaporated . You also know that matter can | |
| 01:10 | go through . Chemical changes changes that occur when the | |
| 01:13 | particles that make up two or more substances are rearranged | |
| 01:16 | to form a new substance like Jose pancakes or cupcakes | |
| 01:19 | or shortcake . I like cake is what I'm saying | |
| 01:21 | here the matter and what cake batter turns into a | |
| 01:23 | new substance , fluffy yummy cake . There are clues | |
| 01:26 | that a chemical changes occurring like the production of gas | |
| 01:29 | bubbles and that delicious smell . And like all chemical | |
| 01:31 | changes . We can't undo that change . The process | |
| 01:34 | by which chemical change occurs is called a chemical reaction | |
| 01:38 | . Scientists being organized , types give special names for | |
| 01:40 | the substances involved in a chemical reaction . The reactant | |
| 01:44 | are things that react there would get changed during the | |
| 01:47 | chemical reaction . And the new substance that's made . | |
| 01:49 | That's the product in our chemical change . The ingredients | |
| 01:52 | of the cake contained the reactant . And the cake | |
| 01:55 | was one of the products . So matter can change | |
| 01:57 | . But what matter can't do is just appear or | |
| 02:01 | vanish . And since all matter has mass . This | |
| 02:04 | means that mass can't appear or vanish either . Scientists | |
| 02:07 | have been experimenting with this idea for hundreds of years | |
| 02:09 | . Lots of experiments have provided evidence of what we | |
| 02:12 | call the conservation of mass . The conservation of mass | |
| 02:15 | is the scientific rule that says the mass or the | |
| 02:17 | amount of matter in an object is never made and | |
| 02:20 | never lost . So what about the water from my | |
| 02:23 | glass ? Well , it didn't just disappear as the | |
| 02:26 | water evaporated , its molecules became mixed in with the | |
| 02:29 | air molecules . So what went through a physical change | |
| 02:32 | ? It's still there , but we just can't see | |
| 02:34 | it anymore . Let's try making a solution like we | |
| 02:41 | did on our picnic . So you mix five g | |
| 02:42 | of sugar into 10 g of water . Remember that | |
| 02:45 | grams are the unit of mass . Then you stir | |
| 02:47 | your mixture until the sugar looks like it disappears . | |
| 02:50 | We started with 15 g of materials , the five | |
| 02:53 | g of sugar and the 10 g of water . | |
| 02:55 | And when you weigh the new solution sure enough , | |
| 02:57 | you'll get 15 g . There was no change in | |
| 03:00 | the amount of mass that you have . Even though | |
| 03:01 | we don't see the sugar anymore , The sugar didn't | |
| 03:03 | vanish . It just went through a physical change . | |
| 03:06 | It dissolved . But if you could gather up all | |
| 03:08 | the dissolved parts of sugar and weigh them together , | |
| 03:11 | they still equal the five g that you put in | |
| 03:13 | . And we find the same thing If we measure | |
| 03:15 | the mass of the water in my glass , if | |
| 03:17 | we measure the mass of water that's left in my | |
| 03:19 | half full glass , and we are also able to | |
| 03:21 | catch all of the water molecules that escaped into the | |
| 03:23 | air and weighed them together . They would weigh the | |
| 03:26 | same amount as the water in my glass when it | |
| 03:28 | was full conservation of mass . So the scientific rule | |
| 03:36 | called the conservation of mass , tells us that matter | |
| 03:39 | is never made or lost . It just changes . | |
| 03:41 | We showed this by creating physical changes in which matter | |
| 03:45 | just changes its form . In this case , whole | |
| 03:47 | sugar into dissolve sugar . The conservation of mass also | |
| 03:50 | applies in chemical changes to in which a new substances | |
| 03:54 | made . But that's a topic for another day . | |
| 03:56 | See you next time . |
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