Who Needs Dirt?: Crash Course Kids #27.1 - By Crash Course Kids
Transcript
| 00:09 | How much dirt isn't a whole ? That's two m | |
| 00:11 | long , one m wide and one m deep . | |
| 00:14 | Give up none . There's no dirt in a whole | |
| 00:18 | won't wall . But speaking of dirt , you're probably | |
| 00:21 | pretty familiar with how dirt plays an important part in | |
| 00:23 | growing plants . After all , flowerpots would be pretty | |
| 00:26 | empty without it . But if we ranked all of | |
| 00:28 | the things that plants need in order to survive dirt | |
| 00:30 | would actually be at the bottom of the list , | |
| 00:33 | which seems kind of weird , right ? If that's | |
| 00:36 | true , then it makes me wonder how do plants | |
| 00:38 | get what they need to survive ? You already know | |
| 00:45 | that all living things need resources , useful materials they | |
| 00:48 | can draw and when needed . And animals like you | |
| 00:50 | and me have organs , special body parts that perform | |
| 00:53 | a specific function to help us get and use those | |
| 00:56 | handy resources , for example , are stomach and intestines | |
| 00:59 | . Are organs . These organs help us get the | |
| 01:01 | energy we need by breaking down the food that we | |
| 01:03 | eat and we use our other organs , our lungs | |
| 01:06 | to get the oxygen we need . And plants have | |
| 01:08 | organs . To true fact , most plants have three | |
| 01:11 | main organs roots , stems and leaves and they don't | |
| 01:14 | look like stomachs or lungs . But they do help | |
| 01:16 | the plants get what they need from their environments . | |
| 01:19 | Let's pick out a few of the resources that plants | |
| 01:21 | need to survive first . You already know that plants | |
| 01:23 | need sun or another source of light . That's because | |
| 01:25 | they use the energy from the light to drive photosynthesis | |
| 01:28 | which they use to create energy . And of course | |
| 01:31 | in addition to light , plants need some other things | |
| 01:33 | for photosynthesis like water and air . More specifically , | |
| 01:36 | they need a gas called carbon dioxide and a little | |
| 01:39 | bit of oxygen to help them use the energy that | |
| 01:41 | they make in photosynthesis . Now , plants also need | |
| 01:44 | some nutrients to for example plants use nutrients to make | |
| 01:47 | the chlorophyll in their leaves that they use for photosynthesis | |
| 01:49 | . So plants need resources like light water , carbon | |
| 01:53 | dioxide and oxygen and nutrients . But how do their | |
| 01:56 | organs help plants actually get those things ? Well let's | |
| 01:59 | have a look at a plant and take it from | |
| 02:01 | the top leaves are the organs where most of the | |
| 02:03 | plants photosynthesis takes place . They contain a lot of | |
| 02:06 | chlorophyll and are often thin and flat so they can | |
| 02:08 | soak up a lot of sunlight . Leaves also have | |
| 02:11 | openings and allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to flow in | |
| 02:13 | and out stems have two main jobs . First they | |
| 02:16 | carry water , sugar and nutrients between the roots and | |
| 02:19 | the leaves . They also hold up leaves so they | |
| 02:21 | can catch as much light as possible . Roots act | |
| 02:23 | as anchors to help keep the plant in place . | |
| 02:26 | And they also help the plant absorb resources like water | |
| 02:28 | and nutrients . And when we think of roots , | |
| 02:30 | we think of dirt but dirt's not on our list | |
| 02:33 | of resources . So let's see if dirt is really | |
| 02:36 | necessary to grow a plant , mm hmm . If | |
| 02:42 | you take a bean seed , place it in a | |
| 02:43 | paper cup along with a wet paper towel and put | |
| 02:45 | it in the light . What happens in a few | |
| 02:48 | days ? You'll have the beginnings of a baby plant | |
| 02:50 | and it'll grow pretty well for a while . That's | |
| 02:52 | because we're making sure it has water and light and | |
| 02:54 | it could get the gases it needs from the air | |
| 02:56 | and the seat itself provides enough nutrients to get things | |
| 02:59 | going . Plants can grow without dirt . Through hydroponics | |
| 03:02 | , we can grow beans in a setup that looks | |
| 03:04 | like this one . As you can see , we've | |
| 03:06 | given the plant the water that it needs , but | |
| 03:08 | it's not growing in dirt because nutrients have been mixed | |
| 03:10 | in with the water . So the plan still needs | |
| 03:12 | with all other plants need , it just gets them | |
| 03:14 | in some different ways . People often use hydroponics to | |
| 03:16 | grow food like tomatoes and lettuce , especially in places | |
| 03:19 | where the dirt doesn't have a lot of nutrients . | |
| 03:21 | In fact you may have enjoyed the results of hydroponics | |
| 03:24 | in your lunch and not even known it . So | |
| 03:30 | plants have specialized parts called organs to get the resources | |
| 03:33 | that they need to survive . And plants manage to | |
| 03:36 | snag that stuff using their leaves . Where most photosynthesis | |
| 03:39 | takes place stems which move the materials like sugar , | |
| 03:42 | water and nutrients between the roots and leaves and roots | |
| 03:46 | which keep the plant in place and soak up water | |
| 03:48 | and nutrients . And using hydroponics , plants can grow | |
| 03:52 | without soil , which is totally cool because as long | |
| 03:55 | as the plant can get the resources it needs , | |
| 03:57 | it's able to grow into a happy and healthy plants | |
| 04:00 | . So there's no dirt just like in that hole |
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