WRITING STYLE 4: Clauses and Coordination - Free Educational videos for Students in K-12

WRITING STYLE 4: Clauses and Coordination - By demarcations

Transcript


00:0-1	Welcome to the fourth of our classes films on grammar
00:02	style in academic writing . Generally , this episode will
00:05	explain what clauses are and how they could be coordinated
00:08	. You should have a pen and paper handy to
00:10	take notes so that you don't have to watch the
00:12	episode over again in order to complete the assignment or
00:14	study for the exam . Just a reminder . You
00:17	should watch these videos and sequence to be sure that
00:20	you understand the terms that are being used . Okay
00:23	, a clause is a structure containing a subject and
00:25	a predicate pair . Sound familiar ? This is how
00:28	we talked about sentences . In the first lesson ,
00:31	a sentence needs a subject and a predicate pair .
00:34	So what's the difference between clauses and sentences ? The
00:38	difference is that you can have more than one clause
00:40	in a sentence , but you cannot have more than
00:42	one sentence . In a clause , clauses can sometimes
00:45	share a sentences equals , but just as often ,
00:47	one clause take center stage and the other clauses hang
00:50	on to it . Let me explain what this means
00:53	. First , you have to understand that there are
00:54	two types of clauses . Independent and dependent . Independent
00:57	clauses can stand on their own and still make sense
01:00	, These air always necessary for a sense to be
01:02	complete dependent clauses cannot stand on their own . They
01:05	have to lean on an independent clause for their meaning
01:09	. I'll use the abbreviations I see for Independent clause
01:11	in D . C for Dependent Clause throughout the rest
01:14	of this lesson . Let's take a look at an
01:16	example of an indefinite claws and deep in the clause
01:19	, she really disappeared . This has a subject and
01:23	a predicate , and it expresses a complete thought .
01:26	This is how we know that it's an independent clause
01:29	Now . A dependent clause still has a subject repair
01:32	, but it is not expressed a complete thought ,
01:33	and it cannot be a sentence , often a dependent
01:36	clauses marked by a subordinate er , when she really
01:39	disappeared , what happened when she disappeared ? The thought
01:43	is incomplete and it can't stand on its own .
01:46	When is a common subordinate er But there are many
01:48	others after , although as as if because before ,
01:53	even if even though if in order to sense ,
01:57	though , unless until when , whenever weather and wild
02:02	. If you added any one of these to the
02:03	beginning of an independent clause , you've just made it
02:06	dependent on something else . Let's look at the different
02:09	ways of combining clauses . You can combined to arm
02:11	or independent clauses into one sentence . When they share
02:14	a sentence like this , the clauses or balanced neither
02:17	is more important than the other , and this is
02:19	called coordination . The two ways of coordinating clauses are
02:24	to connect them with a comma and a conjunction ,
02:27	or to connect them with the semi colon . She
02:31	really disappeared , and no one knew what to do
02:34	both independent clauses or equal here . We could also
02:37	say she really disappeared . No one knew what to
02:40	do . This is the proper use of a semi
02:43	colon . Notice that I cannot connect to independent clauses
02:46	with just a comma . They need a semi colon
02:49	or comma and a conjunction thes air . The seven
02:52	coordinating conjunctions thes with seven conjunctions that can connect to
02:55	independent clauses they are for and nor but or yet
03:01	and so you can easily remember them because the first
03:05	letters could be arranged to spell Fanboys . So these
03:08	the ways of coordination . No single clause counts more
03:11	than another . The sentences are balanced . Let's just
03:14	glance at the other way of going that is subordination
03:17	, that I'll explain this in greater length in the
03:19	next lesson . Here , the clauses air not balanced
03:22	. One clause The independent clause has ownership over the
03:25	sentence , and the dependent clauses have to lean on
03:27	it . Here . I've put the independent clause in
03:30	red . When she disappeared , no one knew what
03:33	to do . No one knew what to do .
03:35	Can stand alone when she disappeared . Can't stand alone
03:39	because it begins with a subordinate . Irwin . The
03:42	beauty of subordination is that it allows for all kinds
03:44	of combinations . After the show was over , no
03:48	one knew what to do because she disappeared . Here
03:51	I have to deep indent clauses , one in the
03:53	front and one in the back , leaning on the
03:55	central independent clause . But I could move these around
03:58	if I wanted to . We'll explore this in the
04:01	next lesson . For now , let's go back to
04:03	coordination here . Two sentences showing coordination with a conjunction
04:07	. Ulysses wants to play for UConn , but he
04:10	has had trouble meeting the academic requirements . Some writers
04:13	omit the comma , especially for shorter clauses . Ulysses
04:17	has a great jump shot , but he isn't quick
04:19	on his feet here . Two sentences showing coordination with
04:22	a semi colon . I am going home . I
04:25	intend to stay there . Don't add conjunction in there
04:28	as I have in the second one here . You
04:31	already have what you need with a semi colon .
04:33	These are the bad moves , the mistakes made by
04:35	so many college freshman . Learn about them here and
04:38	avoid them forever . Mistake number one . The run
04:41	on sentence A run on sentence is not just a
04:43	way of saying that you've written a really long sentence
04:46	. The term is used to apply when you string
04:48	together two independent clauses without anything in between them .
04:51	You can fix it with a period with semi colon
04:54	over the comma . Conjunction combo . Mistake number two
04:58	. The calmest place A commonplace happens when you send
05:01	a comma to do a periods work . A comma
05:04	alone cannot balance to independent clauses . You can fix
05:07	it either by replacing the comma with a period or
05:10	adding a conjunction after the comma . Mistake number three
05:14	. The Missing comma . We'll talk about all the
05:17	uses of commas in a later lesson , but generally
05:20	you need a comma . Two Separate a dependent clause
05:22	from an independent clause . If the dependent clause comes
05:25	first . Mistake Number four sentence fragment . Whenever somebody
05:30	puts a deepening clause by itself in a sentence ,
05:33	they've written a fragment . It is not a complete
05:35	thought . Every sentence needs at least one independent clause
05:39	. Let's look at examples of run on sentences and
05:41	common spices . Because thes air the all time most
05:44	common errors of collegiate writers , it is nearly half
05:48	past five . We cannot reach town before dark .
05:51	This is a run on sentence . You can fix
05:53	it with a period with a semi colon or the
05:55	comma conjunction combo . It is nearly half past five
06:00	comma . We cannot reach town before dark . This
06:03	is a commerce place . You can fix it either
06:05	by replacing the comma with a period or adding a
06:07	conjunction after the comma before we close up . Let's
06:11	look at a particularly powerful method of coordination . The
06:13	correlative conjunction , corrective conjunctions , link , balanced words
06:18	, phrases or clauses . Think of them as formulas
06:21	for thought for making distinctions and making connections . Creative
06:24	conjunctions have great rhetorical force , and you should definitely
06:27	learn how to use them . The major credit of
06:30	conjunctions in English are both and either or neither nor
06:36	not , but and not only , but also thes
06:41	pairs can be used to balance independent clauses , as
06:43	in this quotation by Christopher Reeve . Either you decide
06:47	to stay in the shallow into the pool or you
06:49	go out in the ocean . Notice how the relative
06:52	conjunction formula either or takes two pretty plain independent clauses
06:56	shown in black ink here and makes them into a
06:59	coherent statement . You can also use creative conjunctions ,
07:03	toe link units smaller than clauses . You can use
07:06	them to link words or to link phrases . Bart
07:09	Simpson once said . I have neither been there nor
07:12	done that . He's linking to verb phrases with his
07:16	corrective conjunctions . Martin Luther King Jr once said ,
07:20	In the end , we will remember not the words
07:22	of our enemies but the silence of our friends .
07:25	He is linking to noun phrases with his co relative
07:28	conjunctions . Friedrich Nietzsche once said , the man of
07:31	knowledge must be able not only to love his enemies
07:33	but also hate his friends . Who knows what that
07:36	means ? But it sounds good . Let's finish up
07:39	by talking about how to coordinate a Siris of three
07:42	or more grammatical units . There are three rules to
07:44	remember here first , always use comments to separate the
07:47	coordinate elements if there are more than two of them
07:50	. Second , all of the items in a Siri's
07:52	must be parallel inform . Remember , the Martin Luther
07:55	King Jr linked the words of our enemies with the
07:59	silence of our friends . Both of those are now
08:02	on phrases . He didn't link a noun phrase with
08:04	a verb phrase or proposition . All phrase third rule
08:08	when coordinating a Siris of three or more items arranged
08:11	the units in order of increasing importance or length .
08:14	This sounds better and helps people understand your focus .
08:18	Let's illustrate these rules with the quotation by George Orwell
08:22	. Orwell rights . Thus , political language has to
08:24	consist largely of euphemism , question begging and sheer cloudy
08:29	vagueness . First noticed that each item in the Siri's
08:32	is separated by comma fences . And after that last
08:35	one , you have the conjunction , and this keeps
08:38	it clear and easy to read . Second , notice
08:41	that all the items in the series or parallel inform
08:44	that means that they're all the same . Part of
08:46	speech euphemism , question begging and sheer cloudy vagueness are
08:51	all mounds or noun phrases . The phrase question begging
08:55	might confuse you because it ends in I N .
08:57	G . And that usually means it's a verb participle
09:00	verb in particular , English always allows you to treat
09:03	I N g words like now , as when somebody
09:06	says learning is important to me or I like swimming
09:09	when you treat I N g words like now ,
09:11	as they're called Garon's . So here question . Begging
09:13	is a Jared . It behaves like a noun ,
09:15	and it could be placed in a Siri's with other
09:17	announce . So everything here is parallel in form .
09:23	Finally , Orwell's sentence arranges the units in order of
09:26	increasing importance or length each item in the Siri's ISAs
09:30	, long or longer than the one before it .
09:32	And the last one is forceful and memorable Assignment time
09:37	. For this assignment , you'll write 20 original sentences
09:41	for Part one , write five sentences , each of
09:44	which should balance to independent clauses using coordination . You
09:48	need to try both the comma conjunction method and the
09:51	cynical on method . Far too right . Five more
09:54	sentences that illustrate the four bad moves I talked about
09:57	, including at least one run on sentence , one
09:59	comma splice , one sentence with the missing comma and
10:02	one sentence fragment . Be sure to clearly label all
10:05	of these for part three . Write five sentences that
10:09	are structured with correlative conjunctions . Try to use all
10:12	five of the correlative conjunctions I discussed . Finally ,
10:17	for Part four , write five sentences that sustain a
10:19	coordinate Siris of three or more grammatical units . These
10:23	sentences should obey the three rules I outlined using com
10:26	offenses . Parallelism and climactic increase . Make sure that
10:31	you print out a copy of this and bring it
10:33	to class . I'll take it up unannounced . Our
10:35	next lesson will discuss subordination in greater detail . Until
10:38	then , good luck .

Summarizer

DESCRIPTION:

This video covers sentence structure that includes two independent clauses joined by conjunctions- coordinating or correlative- and punctuation- semicolons or commas. It reviews some common errors as well: run on sentences, comma splices, and faulty parallelism. Diagrams and examples support the instruction.

OVERVIEW:

WRITING STYLE 4: Clauses and Coordination is a free educational video by demarcations.It helps students in grades 4.

This page not only allows students and teachers view WRITING STYLE 4: Clauses and Coordination but also find engaging Sample Questions, Apps, Pins, Worksheets, Books related to the following topics.