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Read the passage and answer the question.

Beautiful seashells that are washed ashore on beaches by ocean waves have always fascinated human beings. Shells come in a wonderful array of shapes, sizes, and colors. Shells are actually made by marine creatures to serve as their homes. Seashells are, quite simply skeletons of mollusks. Mollusks are a class of water animals that have soft bodies and hard outer coverings called shells. Human beings carry their bony skeletons inside and wear their soft bodies on the outside, but mollusks do just the opposite.

Shells are very durable and outlive the soft-bodied animals that produce them. Shells may be univalve or bivalve. Univalve shells are made up of just one unit, whereas bivalve shells have two units or two halves. Snails have univalve shells, and oysters have bivalve shells. Shells protect the soft-bodied animals from rough surfaces that can harm their bodies and from predators.

The most suitable heading for the above passage is:

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Most people refer to koalas as koala bears, but they are not bears at all. They are actually marsupials and are in the same family as the wombat. Koalas live in eucalyptus forests in eastern and southeastern Australia. Adult koalas are one of only three mammals that can survive on a diet of eucalyptus leaves. These leaves contain 50% water, requiring them to seldom drink water since they obtain it through the leaves.

Since the koala is a marsupial, the baby crawls into the mother’s pouch as soon as it is born. Baby koalas are called “joeys.” When they are born, they are blind, hairless, and less than one inch long. They remain in their mother’s pouch for the next six months, feeding first on the mother’s milk and then on a substance called “pap” in addition to the mother’s milk. Joeys continue to take their mother’s milk until they are a year old. The young koala will remain with its mother until the appearance of another joey from the mother’s pouch.

What would be an appropriate heading to the second paragraph of this passage?

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The blue whale is quite an extraordinary creature. To begin with, it is a mammal that lives its entire life in the ocean. The size of its body is amazing. This whale can grow up to 98 feet long and weigh as much as 200 tons, making it the largest known animal to have ever existed. Its body is long and elegantly tapered, unlike other whales which have a rounder, stockier build. Their build, along with their extreme size, gives them a unique appearance and the ability to move more gracefully and at greater speeds than one might imagine. They can reach speeds up to 31 mph for short periods of time. Their normal traveling speed is around 12 mph, but they slow to 3.1 mph when feeding. Although they are extremely large animals, they eat small shrimp-like creatures called krill. Since the krill are so small, the blue whale eats about four tons daily as they swim deep in the ocean.

Unlike other whales that live in small, close-knit groups called pods, blue whales live and travel alone or with one other whale. While traveling through the ocean, they surface to breathe air into their lungs through blowholes. They emerge from the ocean, spewing water out of their blowhole, roll, and reenter the water with a grand splash of their large tail. They make loud, deep, and rumbling low frequency sounds that travel great distances, which allow them to communicate with other whales as far as 100 miles away. Their cries can be felt as much as heard. Their resonating call makes them the loudest animal on Earth. If you ever have the opportunity to see or hear a blue whale, it will be an experience you will not soon forget.

If these two paragraphs were included in a report about extraordinary creatures, the heading for this passage should be:

Writing Standards (W.4.2)

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